Volume 24 Issue 6
Jun.  2026
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Article Navigation >  Chinese Journal of General Practice  > 2026  >  24(6): 1019-1023
WU Shanshan, SHI Hengyuan, XU Yanlong, LI Hui, XING Wenguo. Time-series analysis of air pollution and outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(6): 1019-1023. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004544
Citation: WU Shanshan, SHI Hengyuan, XU Yanlong, LI Hui, XING Wenguo. Time-series analysis of air pollution and outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(6): 1019-1023. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004544
shu

Time-series analysis of air pollution and outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004544
  • 1.

    Public Health Department of Bengbu First People's Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China

Funds:

 AHWJ2024Aa20520

  • Received Date: 2025-07-02
    Available Online: 2026-11-10
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To investigate the association between air pollution and outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases at Bengbu First People's Hospital, thereby providing a scientific basis for reducing the incidence of such diseases.  Methods  This study included outpatient for pediatric respiratory diseases from Bengbu First People's Hospital spanning January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023. Concurrently collected air pollutant and meteorological data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Time-series plots were constructed to visualize temporal trends. A generalized additive model (GAM) was employed to evaluate the effects of air pollutions on outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases.  Results  Outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases exhibited seasonal fluctuations, with higher volumes in winter. O3 showed no significant correlation with CO and NO2, and PM 10 was not correlated with NO2; however, all other pollutant pairs were significantly correlated. The GAM analysis revealed significant effects of air pollutants on outpatient visits at both single-day lag effects (lag 0 to lag 3) and cumulative lag effects (lag 1 to lag 7). The maximum single-day lag effects occurred at lag 1 for PM 2.5, PM 10, and O3, at lag 2 for SO2, and at lag 3 for CO and NO2. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in pollutant concentration, outpatient visits increased by 1.29% for PM 2.5, 0.83% for PM 10, 0.08% for CO, 0.68% for NO2, 5.14% for O3, and 9.79% for SO2. The significance cumulative lag effects of PM 2.5, PM 10, CO, NO2, O3, and SO2 was observed at lags 01 to 07. The strongest cumulative lag effects occurred at lag 05, 07, 07, 06, 07, and 07, respectively. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in pollutant concentration, outpatient visits increased by 2.43%, 1.63%, 0.19%, 1.42%, 14.07%, and 36.05%, respectively. The ER associated with the pollutants was ranked as SO2 > NO2 > PMX.  Conclusion  Increased concentrations of air pollutant concentrations are associated with high numbers of outpatient visits for pediatric respiratory diseases, and these effects exhibit significant lag and cumulative lag characteristics.

     

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