Volume 24 Issue 4
Apr.  2026
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JIANG Xiaofeng, XIA Guoxiang, JIN Mengxia, SUN Jiaqing, YUAN Lin, LOU Luyao. Meta-analysis of vitamin D supplementation combined with insulin therapy on blood glucose, HbA1c and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(4): 698-702. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004471
Citation: JIANG Xiaofeng, XIA Guoxiang, JIN Mengxia, SUN Jiaqing, YUAN Lin, LOU Luyao. Meta-analysis of vitamin D supplementation combined with insulin therapy on blood glucose, HbA1c and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(4): 698-702. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004471
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Meta-analysis of vitamin D supplementation combined with insulin therapy on blood glucose, HbA1c and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004471
  • 1.

    Wenyan Street Community Health Service Center, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311258, China

Funds:

 2025KY1209

  • Received Date: 2025-03-31
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To evaluate the efficacy of Vitamin D combined with insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, and to provide evidence-based support for clinical application.  Methods  A comprehensive search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang, VIP, CNKI and CBM Database using keywords including geostationary diabetes mellitus, GDM, Vitamin D, insulin, gestational diabetes, Vitamin D and insulin. Two researchers independently screened the studies and performed a quality assessment. The analysis of the data conducted were analyzed using RevMan 5.4.  Results  A total of 26 RCTs involving 2 392 participants were included in the analysis. A meta-analysis was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of the intervention group (Vitamin D + insulin) achieved significantly lower levels than control (insulin alone) in fasting plasma glucose (FPG, MD=-0.96, 95% CI: -1.26 to -0.65), fasting blood glucose (FBG, MD=-0.62, 95% CI: -0.96 to -0.29), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG, MD=-1.27, 95% CI: -1.56 to -0.98), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hBG, MD=-1.61, 95% CI: -2.61 to -0.61), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, MD=-1.21, 95% CI: -1.53 to -0.72), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, MD=-0.59, 95% CI: -0.87 to -0.31). A sensitivity analysis was conducted, which revealed a significant change in the combined effect of 2hBG, indicating unstable results. Funnel plot asymmetry was observed for HbA1c, suggesting potential publication bias.  Conclusion  The combination of vitamin D and insulin has been demonstrated to assist patients diagnosed with GDM in the maintenance of optimal blood glucose levels, in addition to the enhancement of HOMA-IR.

     

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