Correlation between depression and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome

LI Hui; MENG Defang; WEI Hua; LIU Ying

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003994

Volume 23 Issue 5

May 2025

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LI Hui, MENG Defang, WEI Hua, LIU Ying. Correlation between depression and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(5): 756-759. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003994

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LI Hui, MENG Defang, WEI Hua, LIU Ying. Correlation between depression and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(5): 756-759. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003994

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Correlation between depression and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003994

LI Hui¹
, MENG Defang²
, WEI Hua²
, LIU Ying^{1
,
,}

1.
Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, China

Funds:

国中医药办人教函〔2018〕119号

鲁卫函〔2020〕132号

ZR2023MH332

Received Date: 2024-04-10
Available Online: 2025-08-14

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To investigate the correlation between depression or anxiety and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome (pSS), aiming to provide a theoretical basis for early clinical identification and intervention. Methods A total of 58 pSS patients and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited from Northern Jiangsu People' s Hospital from January to June 2023. The levels of serum 25(OH)D were measured. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured by RT-PCR. Clinical indicators were collected. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess patients' anxiety and depression, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with mood disorder occurrence in patients with pSS. Results Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly different between pSS patients without mood disorders [62.67 (35.82, 83.00) ng/mL] and those with mood disorders [23.03 (15.33, 60.00) ng/mL, Z=-2.970, P=0.003]. Notably, patients with depression exhibited significantly lower levels [19.23 (13.18, 27.54) ng/mL] compared to those without mood disorders (Z=-3.844, P < 0.001). The VDR levels of pSS patients with depression were significantly decreased than that in the healthy control group (P < 0.05). 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with ESSPRI score (r=-0.473, P < 0.01), total globulin and IgG levels (P < 0.05). The incidence of depression and interstitial lung disease in pSS patients with 25(OH)D deficiency was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the lower the 25(OH)D level, the higher the total globulin and IgG, the higher the probability of depression (OR>1). 25(OH)D (OR=0.958) and IgG (OR=1.268) levels were independent influencing factors for the development of depression (P < 0.05). The incidence of anxiety was not statistically increased in patients with 25(OH)D deficiency. Conclusion Depression in pSS patients is closely associated with 25(OH)D deficiency. 25(OH)D deficiency may help to predict depression in patients with pSS.
- Primary Sjögren' s syndrome,
- Depression,
- Anxiety,
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D

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References

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Correlation between depression and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in patients with primary Sjögren' s syndrome

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