Volume 23 Issue 8
Aug.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Chinese Journal of General Practice  > 2025  >  23(8): 1320-1323
GUO Zhiqin, YANG Hongjie, YUAN Linna, CHEN Xiangyi, WU Wanxin. Correlation between KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA gene mutations and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(8): 1320-1323. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004124
Citation: GUO Zhiqin, YANG Hongjie, YUAN Linna, CHEN Xiangyi, WU Wanxin. Correlation between KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA gene mutations and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(8): 1320-1323. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004124
shu

Correlation between KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA gene mutations and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004124

  • Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China

Funds:

 2020AY30008

 2023-ZC-017

 2022KY376

  • Received Date: 2024-08-05
    Available Online: 2025-10-31
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To analyze the mutation of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA in colorectal cancer, and explore the relationship with clinical pathological characteristics, providing an important reference for clinical individualized treatment.  Methods  The clinicopathological data of 524 patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University from January 2019 to December 2022 were reviewed. The mutation status of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes in FFPE tissues was detected by using ARMS-PCR method, and the association between gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.  Results  (1) The total gene mutation rate in this study was 53.4% (280/524), and the mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA were 46.6% (244/524)、3.2% (17/524)、3.8% (20/524) and 2.7% (14/524), respectively. 3.6% (19/524) of patients had co-mutations in different genes. (2) The mutation of KRAS gene was mainly concentrated in exon 2 (43.1%, 226/524), which was more common in female and patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). (3) The mutation rates of NRAS gene in exons 2 and 3 were 1.3% (7/524) and 1.9% (10/524). NRAS gene mutation was prone to occur in patients with tumor diameter﹤5 cm (P < 0.05). (4) BRAF gene mutation was more frequent in patients with tumor diameter ≥5 cm, infiltrative type, poorly-differentiated, mucinous adenocarcinoma and vascular invasion (P < 0.05). Besides, BRAF gene mutation mainly occurred in the right-side colon cancer (P < 0.05). (5) The mutation rate of PIK3CA gene was higher in patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma [6.3% (5/79) vs. 2.0% (9/445), χ2=4.785, P=0.029].  Conclusion  KRAS gene mutation rate is higher in colorectal cancer, mainly occurred in exon 2, while NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA gene mutations are relatively lower. Mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes are associated with different clinicopathological characteristics. Combined detection of the above gene mutation can help to evaluate prognosis and develop individualized precision treatment plan.

     

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