Volume 23 Issue 8
Aug.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Chinese Journal of General Practice  > 2025  >  23(8): 1292-1297
SHI Peng, WU Xinyu, HUAI Yushui, SONG Hongwei, NIAN Di. Significance and mechanism of neuroultrasound combined with neuromagnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(8): 1292-1297. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004118
Citation: SHI Peng, WU Xinyu, HUAI Yushui, SONG Hongwei, NIAN Di. Significance and mechanism of neuroultrasound combined with neuromagnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2025, 23(8): 1292-1297. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004118
shu

Significance and mechanism of neuroultrasound combined with neuromagnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004118
  • 1.

    Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China

Funds:

 JNFX2024039

 202304295107020075

  • Received Date: 2025-05-14
    Available Online: 2025-10-31
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To explore the significance and mechanism of neuroultrasound and neuromagnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).  Methods  A total of 43 GBS patients who were first diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from October 2021 to February 2025 were enrolled, and 24 patients with normal physical examination were enrolled as control group. Based on neurophysiological examinations, the GBS were classified into two subtypes: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Neuroultrasound and neuromagnetic resonance imaging were performed on all subjects. The cross-sectional area of the cervical nerve roots and peripheral nerves (CSA) was measured by neuroultrasound, and the CSA of the cervical nerve root and lumbar sacral nerve root was measured by neuromagnetic resonance imaging. The degree of neurological impairment in GBS was assessed using the GBS disability scale scores (GDSS), and the correlation between CSA values and the degree of neurological deficit was evaluated. Peripheral venous blood was collected, and the levels of pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors in peripheral blood were measured using ELISA.  Results  Compared with the control group, the nerve roots and peripheral nerves of the limbs in the AIDP group and the AMAN group were thickened, and the CSA value was increased. Among them, nerve ultrasound showed that there were statistically significant differences in C5 and C6 among the three groups (H=20.216, P < 0.001; H=12.452, P=0.002), and the magnetic resonance imaging results showed that compared with the AMAN group and the healthy control group, the CSA values of C4-C8 and L3-S1 in the AIDP group were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The CSA value of peripheral nerves was positively correlated with the degree of neurological deficit (P < 0.05). Pyroptotic inflammatory factors were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The elevated CSA values of nerve roots and peripheral nerves, as well as neurological deficits in GBS, may be associated with the inflammatory cascade triggered by pyroptosis pathway activation. The detection of peripheral blood inflammatory cytokines combined with neuroimaging may facilitate early diagnosis of GBS and provide novel insights for its clinical management.

     

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