Abstract: Objective To investigate the blood glucose and lipid metabolism levels in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and the significance. Methods One hundred cases of COPD patients in respiratory department of our hospital from January,2011 to December,2015 were selected,including 45 cases in COPD with OSAS group (mild OSAS 15 cases,moderate OSAS 18 cases,severe OSAS 12 cases),and 55 cases in COPD without OSAS group.The blood lipids and blood glucose levels of COPD group and COPD with OSAS group were compared,and their correlation with AHI was analyzed to investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results The BMI and LDL levels of COPD with OSAS group were significantly higher than that of COPD group,and HDL level of COPD with OSAS group was significantly lower than that of COPD group,all with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).The differences in FPG,HOMA-IR,HbA1C,LDL,AHI levels of mild OSAS,moderate OSAS,severe OSAS were statistically significant (P<0.05).And the AHI level of OSAS patients was significantly in positive correlation to BMI,LDL,FPG,HOMA-IR levels (P<0.05). Conclusion OSAS increased the risk of high blood lipids and diabetes of COPD patients,which might be associated with the increasing of insulin resistance and LDL levels.