Abstract: Objective The comparison of retroperitoneal laparoscopy combined with resectoscope and traditional open surgery in the treatment of renal pelvic tumors. Methods According to different surgical methods,102 patients with renal pelvic tumors between January,2008 and January,2016 were divided into the observation group and control group.The observation group was treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection,while the control group was treated by traditional open surgery.To compare intraoperative blood loss,operation time,postoperative anal ventilation time,postoperative drainage drainage time,postoperative first ambulation,length of stay and complications.All patients were postoperative followed-up,including history,urine analysis,liver and kidney function,color Doppler ultrasound,chest X-ray film,cystoscopy and other content,metastasis and recurrence (bladder cancer status).All data were statistical analyzed to investigate the effect and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopy combined with resectoscope. Results The intraoperative blood loss of in the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group,Operation time,postoperative anal recovery time,duration of postoperative indwelling drainage,postoperative first ambulation and hospital stay were significantly shorter than those of the control group,the difference was significant (P<0.05);The total incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05);The patients were followed up for 1 year,There was no significant difference in local recurrence rate,skin incision metastasis rate and distant tumor metastasis rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic combined resectoscope in treatment of renal pelvis tumors effectively reduce the surgical trauma,and promote postoperative recovery,reduce the incidence of complications.