Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical features of fungemia among neonates caused by Candida haemulonii,perform the homological analysis of the strains,provide guidance for prevention of the C.heamulonii infection,and improve the diagnosis and treatment level. Methods The clinical data of 15 infants with Candida haemulonii was retrospectively analyzed from May to October in 2014.The isolates were identified by standard laboratory procedures,including the use of Vitek2-Compact YST card systems and sequence analysis of 18S rRNA.Homological analysis was performed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA assay to explore the epidemiological characteristics of this nosocomial infection.According to hospital infection epidemiological characteristics,the samples were isolated from the surrounding environment,object surface,equipment and the hands of medical staff. Results All the patients were in the NICU for 12-39 days before they developed fungemia due to C.haemulonii.All infected neonatal had received central venous catheter.Five infants were healed after a therapy of fluconazole for 20-30 days.After 15-20 days of voriconazole treatment,the other eight cases recovered well and subsequent blood cultures were negative for yeasts.Two cases were given up.The isolates were identified and confirmed as C.haemulonii.RAPD genotyping Results showed that all strains were from the same clone.C.heamulonii were not detected in the samples from the surrounding environment,object surface,equipment and the hands of medical staff.No similar casesoccurred after positive control measures despite a negative epidemiological sampling. Conclusion C.haemulonii may transmit horizontally among the hospitalization neonates,causing neonatal hospital infections.PICC is the independent risk factor of causing neonatal hospital infections.It is necessary to take comprehensive prevention measures to cut off the transmission route.