Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of breast cancer gene-1(BRCA1) and tumor associated antigen (CA125) in endometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods A total of 56 patients with EC were selected from Deyang People's Hospital from January,2014 to February,2016.Meanwhile,another 32 cases with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and 26 cases with uterine fibroids were selected as control group.The expressions of BRCA1 and CA125 in different endometrial tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expressions of BRCA1 and CA125 under different pathological factors were analyzed. Results The positive rates of BRCA1 and CA125 expression in the endometrium of patients with EC,atypical endometrial hyperplasia or uterine fibroids were 32.14%,75.00%,96.15% and69.64%,53.13%,7.69% respectively.The expression of BRCA1 in EC was significantly lower than that of the other two groups (P<0.05),but the level of CA125 in EC was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (P<0.05).The positive rate of BRCA1 expression in clinical stage,histological differentiation,lymphoid metastasis status all had statistical significance (P<0.05),but there was no relationship between the BRCA1 expression and myometrial invasion.The expression of CA125 in EC was associated with the clinical stage,histological differentiation,myometrial invasion,but was not related to the lymphoid metastasis status.The expression of BRCA1 and CA125 in endometrial tissue was negatively correlated (r=-0.319,P=0.013). Conclusion BRCA1 has low expression and CA125 is highly expressed in EC.The expression of BRCA1 and CA125 in EC are related to the clinical stage,histological differentiation and other indicators,and it can be used to assess the degree of malignancy of EC and it's of great significance in clinical diagnosis.