Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of hydromorphone on perioperative stress factors and inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic surgery patients. Methods Selected 100 cases of anesthesia laparoscopic surgery patients from January,2015 to December,2015 in Shaoxing City maternal and child health hospital as research subjects,and were divided into hydromorphone group and fentanyl group.ELISA assay detected serum cortisol,norepinephrine,epinephrine,C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-10(IL-10) and interleukin-6(IL-6) levels. Results Compared with burglary 5 min,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate when patients were intubated in two groups increased(P<0.05),the mean arterial pressure and heart rate at 10min after extubation of fentanyl group decreased(P<0.05).Compared with fentanyl group,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of hydromorphone group at 10 min after extubation increased(P<0.05).Compared with burglary 5 min,the norepinephrine,epinephrine levels at intubation in two groups increased(P<0.05),cortisol levels decreased (P<0.05),the norepinephrine levels at 10 min after extubation of fentanyl group increased(P<0.05);compared with fentanyl group,the norepinephrine and epinephrine levels of hydromorphone group at intubation decreased(P<0.05),cortisol levels increased(P<0.05).Compared with burglary 5 min,the TNF-α and IL-6 levels in two groups at surgical 30 min,the end of surgery,postoperative 1 h increased(P<0.05),the IL-10 levels of two groups after the end of surgery and postoperative 1h increased(P<0.05);compared with fentanyl group,the TNF-α and IL-6 levels of hydromorphone group at surgical 30 min,the end of surgery,postoperative 1h decreased(P<0.05),and the IL-10 levels increased at the end of surgery,postoperative 1 h(P<0.05). Conclusion Hydromorphone used in anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery is beneficial to hemodynamically stable and can reduce perioperative stress response and inflammation response.