Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of systematic nursing intervention on central venous catheter-related infections after open heart surgery,in order to provide nursing experience in reducing infection rate. Methods From January,2014 to June,2015,206 patients underwent central venous catheters placement after open heart surgery in our department were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(n=103).The patients in the control group received the conventional nursing while the patients in the experimental group received the evidence-based nursing.First of all,the problems in nursing associated with central venous catheter-related infections were retrieved from literatures,including advanced age,prolonged catheter placement,improper aseptic technique,quality of catheter nursing,method of catheter placement etc.The nursing plan was taken up according to problems above and individual differences,and implemented in perioperative period.The incidence of adverse effects of central venous catheter placement,including infection of puncture site,central venous catheter related bloodstream infections and duration,local bleeding,catheter extrusion,catheter obstruction,etc.were observed. Results The rate of puncture site infection in the experimental group and control group was 5.82% and 18.44%,respectively,which was significantly different(P<0.01).The incidence of central venous catheter related bloodstream infection in the two groups was 3.89% and 11.65%,respectively,which was significantly different (P<0.05).The incidence of catheter obstruction,extrusion and local bleeding in two groups were 3.89% vs. 13.59%,5.82% vs. 16.50%,2.91% vs. 9.70%,respectively,which were all significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion The evidence-based nursing in central venous catheter nursing after open heart surgery can significantly reduce the incidence of central venous catheter-related infections and adverse effects.