Abstract: Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in urban and rural residents in Changzhou,Jiangsu province. Methods This was a population-based and cross-sectional survey on prevalence of COPD in Changzhou area of the Jiangsu province from December,2014 to March,2015.The stratified-cluster-random sampling method was performed to collect the data from 4 926 people in towner Changzhou.The subjects were interviewed with questionnaires and tested with spirometry .A post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<70% was defined as diagnostic of COPD. Results Completed and qualified data were obtained from 3 663 participants.The average prevalence of COPD was 7.5%(urban 6.5%;Fural 8.4%;men 12.6%;women 3.4%).SPSS 19.0 was used for the single factors logistic regression analysis.The results indicated that sex,age,BMI,smoking index,extractor hood,ventilation,respiratory diseases.From multivariate 1ogistic regression analysis showed that sex(OR=0.458,95%CI:0.226-0.931),age(OR=2.947,95%CI:0.990-8.771),BMI(OR=0.510,95%CI:0.277-0.937),smoking index(OR=1.817,95%CI:1.029-3.210),respiratory diseases(OR=5.387,95%CI:3.971-7.308) were risk factors. Conclusion Higher risk for COPD was related with sex,age,BMI,smoking index,respiratory diseases.