Abstract: Objective To investigate the preventive effect of evidence-based nursing on postoperative venous thrombosis in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Methods Total 300 cases of gynecologic laparoscopic surgery patients from August,2014 to March,2015 were divided into two groups by random, parallel and double blind methods.The control group was treated with routine nursing; the observation group was treated with evidence-based nursing, and the main measures were preoperative Autar assessment, cognitive intervention, mechanical prevention and etc.The two groups were compared of prevention knowledge of postoperative venous thrombosis, lower extremity discomfort, the occurrence of venous thrombosis and nursing satisfaction. Results the knowledge scores of venous thrombosis after operation in the observation group was 89.51±12.78 significantly higher than 75.14±18.54 in the control group, and the incidence of lower limb swelling, lower limb pain, and shallow vein in the observation group was 10.7% lower than 30.0% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=10.23,χ²=12.51,P<0.05).The lower extremity deep venous flow velocity in the observation group was (25.53±3.47) cm/s faster than (20.14±2.51) cm/s in the control group,the diameter of vein thrombus was 2.0% less than 6.7% in the control group,the incidence of venous thrombosis was (0.23±0.09) cm lower than (0.42±0.12)cm in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=4.05,χ²=3.94,t=2.17,P<0.05).Nursing satisfaction in the observation group was 96.0% higher than 90.0% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=15.30,18.49,20.41,12.45，χ²=5.14，P<0.05). Conclusion Evidence based nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis after gynecological laparoscopic surgery, and avoid postoperative nursing risk.