新冠疫情防控常态化时期高校学生身心健康状况的研究

周锐盈; 王辅之

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003597

新冠疫情防控常态化时期高校学生身心健康状况的研究

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003597

周锐盈,
王辅之^,

蚌埠医科大学卫生管理学院，安徽蚌埠 233040

基金项目:

国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目 202210367028

详细信息

通讯作者:
王辅之, E-mail: wangfuzhi@bbmc.edu.cn

中图分类号: R395.6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-02
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-05

A study on the physical and mental health status of college students during the period of normalization of COVID epidemic prevention and control

ZHOU Ruiying,
WANG Fuzhi^,

School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233040, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解新冠疫情防控常态化时期高校学生的健康状况及影响因素，探究防控前后高校学生健康状况，为重大公共卫生时期高校封闭管理提供参考。方法于2022年1月4日—1月19日和2023年7月1日—7月16日，在安徽省蚌埠市4所高校分别开展2次横断面调查，调查学生的生命质量、焦虑、抑郁情况，比较不同社会人口学背景学生的健康状况差异，建立多元线性回归模型分析其影响因素。结果疫情防控常态化时期高校学生存在一定情况的焦虑、抑郁、生活质量改变，人口学因素方面，年级、成绩排名、平均月生活费、直系亲属患新冠肺炎均是其影响因素(P＜0.05)，大学生的健康状况差异有统计学意义。焦虑与抑郁两者显著相关(r=0.799, P＜0.001)。疫情防控前后高校学生焦虑、抑郁、生活质量差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，年级、成绩排名、平均月生活费、直系亲属患新冠肺炎因素导致大学生群体健康状况改变。结论在不同的人口学因素下大学生的健康状况存在差异，主要体现在生命质量、焦虑抑郁方面，大学生的生理健康和心理健康受到了一定影响。这提示重大公共卫生事件下需在严格防控同时关注大学生的物质需要和心理需要，采取定期心理干预行为保障大学生群体的身心健康。
- 新冠疫情 /
- 高校学生 /
- 身心健康
Abstract: Objective To understand the health status and factors influencing college students during the normalization of COVID epidemic prevention and control, to explore the health status of college students before and after prevention and control, and to provide a reference for the closed management of colleges and universities during periods of major public health risk. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in four universities in Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China, from January 4 to January 19, 2022, and from July 1 to July 16, 2023. The quality of life, anxiety, and depression of students were investigated, the differences in the health status of students with different socio-demographic backgrounds was compared, and multivariate linear regression models was established to analyze the influence factors. Results There were some cases of anxiety, depression, and quality of life changes among college students during the period of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, and demographic factors, such as grade level, grade ranking, average monthly cost of living, and having an immediate family member suffering from COVID epidemic, were all influential factors (P < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the health status of college students. Anxiety and depression were significantly correlated (r=0.799, P < 0.001). The differences between anxiety, depression and quality of life of college students before and after the epidemic control were statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the factors of grade level, grade ranking, average monthly cost of living, and the presence of COVID epidemic in the immediate family led to changes in the health status of the college student population. Conclusion The health status of college students varies among different demographic factors, mainly in terms of quality of life, anxiety and depression. The physical and mental health of college students are affected to some extent. This suggests that under major public health events, we should pay attention to the material and psychological needs of college students while strictly preventing and controlling them, and adopt regular psychological interventions to ensure the physical and mental health of college students.
- COVID epidemic /
- College students /
- Physical and mental health

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图 1 焦虑情况森林图

Figure 1. Forest plot of anxiety levels

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图 2 抑郁情况森林图

Figure 2. Forest plot of depression levels

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表 1 研究对象社会人口学资料

Table 1. Social demographic data of the study subjects

项目	例数(%)	项目	例数(%)
性别		成绩排名
男性	513(47.32)	前10%	230(21.22)
女性	571(52.68)	11%~30%	293(27.03)
年龄		31%~50%	266(24.54)
18~20岁	674(62.18)	51%~70%	165(15.22)
21~23岁	392(36.16)	71%以下	130(11.99)
24岁及以上	18(1.66)	平均月生活费
年级		1 000元以下	158(14.58)
本科一年级	128(11.81)	1 001~2 000元	637(58.76)
本科二年级	368(33.95)	2 001~3 000元	169(15.59)
本科三年级	372(34.32)	3 001元以上	120(11.07)
本科四年级	197(18.17)	直系亲属患新冠感染情况
本科五年级	19(1.75)	感染	400(36.90)
		未感染	684(63.10)

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表 2 高校学生焦虑、抑郁、健康状况评分比较(x ±s，分)

Table 2. Comparison of anxiety, depression, and health status scores among college students (x ±s, points)

项目	类别	例数	焦虑	统计量	P值	抑郁	统计量	P值	健康状况	统计量	P值
性别	男性	513	6.55±2.77	1.932^a	0.053	8.51±3.28	0.183^a	0.855	29.28±4.22	0.159^a	0.873
	女性	571	6.88±2.85			8.55±3.87			29.32±4.02
直系亲属患新冠感染情况	感染	400	9.14±3.41	21.229^a	＜0.001	10.18±4.77	11.009^a	＜0.001	29.47±3.84	1.052^a	0.293
	未感染	684	5.27±2.55			7.57±3.03			29.20±4.27
年级	本科一年级	128	9.65±4.28	63.601^b	＜0.001	10.64±4.74	35.951^b	0.001	29.39±3.45	0.101^b	0.981
	本科二年级	368	6.53±2.42			7.54±3.29			29.22±4.27
	本科三年级	372	5.31±2.60			7.96±3.93			29.37±4.18
	本科四年级	197	7.92±3.35			10.59±5.19			29.23±4.18
	本科五年级	19	5.23±1.69			3.42±1.65			29.52±3.52
成绩排名	前10%	230	7.05±3.36	7.030^b	＜0.001	8.40±3.30	17.961^b	＜0.001	28.99±4.29	0.252^b	0.908
	11%~30%	293	6.24±2.23			7.30±3.12			28.90±4.31
	31%~50%	266	6.31±3.05			8.54±3.84			29.19±3.54
	51%~70%	165	7.09±3.45			9.36±4.55			29.20±4.21
	71%以下	130	7.59±3.36			10.48±4.99			28.98±4.11
平均月生活费	1 000元以下	158	8.65±3.45	192.251^b	＜0.001	10.06±4.95	117.359^b	＜0.001	29.98±3.35	5.301^b	0.003
	1 001~2 000元	637	4.90±2.32			6.73±2.71			29.22±4.15
	2 001~3 000元	169	9.08±4.19			11.09±5.03			29.74±3.77
	3 001元以上	120	10.52±3.91			12.49±5.70			28.16±4.99
注：^a为t值，^b为F值。

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表 3 新冠疫情防控常态化下高校大学生焦虑、抑郁状态的多元线性回归分析

Table 3. Multivariate linear regression analysis of anxiety and depression among college students under the normalization of COVID-19 prevention and control

项目	焦虑					抑郁
项目	B	SE	B'	t值	P值	B	SE	B'	t值	P值
性别	0.244	0.265	0.025	0.919	0.358	0.138	0.356	0.011	0.387	0.699
年级	-0.391	0.134	-0.079	-2.913	0.004	0.066	0.182	0.011	0.362	0.717
成绩排名	0.229	0.102	0.061	2.234	0.026	0.636	0.138	0.135	4.618	＜0.001
平均月活费	1.234	0.157	0.214	7.857	＜0.001	1.468	0.211	0.201	6.956	＜0.001
直系亲属患新冠感染情况	-3.735	0.271	-0.376	-13.778	＜0.001	-2.538	0.364	-0.202	-6.967	＜0.001

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表 4 防控常态化期间和防控常态化后高校学生的健康状态比较

Table 4. Comparison of college students ' health status during and after normalized prevention and control

统计量	焦虑	抑郁	PCS				MCS
统计量	焦虑	抑郁	GH	PF	RP	BP	RE	MH	VT	SF
t值	2.495	2.293	6.516	2.040	-2.006	1.217	-2.049	3.321	4.550	0.776
P值	0.013	0.023	＜0.001	0.042	0.046	0.224	0.041	0.001	＜0.001	0.438

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