Quality of work and life and its influencing factors in lung cancer patients returning to work
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摘要:
目的 探讨重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量的现状，并分析其影响因素，为护理管理者制定针对性干预措施提供理论依据。 方法 采用横断面研究，便利选取于2022年10月—2023年10月于舟山医院心胸外科就诊的157例已重返工作岗位的肺癌患者为研究对象，使用一般情况调查问卷、癌症患者工作生活质量量表、心理适应量表及重返工作准备度量表进行问卷调查。 结果 重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量得分为(75.36±10.01)分, 各维度得分中，工作的意义维度得分最高，工作环境的氛围得分次之，健康状况带来的问题得分最低；单因素分析中，性别、受教育水平、工作性质及重返工作时长在重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量得分间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；Pearson相关分析显示，重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量与心理适应、重返工作准备度总分及各维度得分均呈正相关关系(P＜0.05)；在多元逐步回归分析中，重返工作准备度、心理适应、重返工作时长及受教育水平进入回归方程，共解释总变异的36.3%。 结论 重返工作岗位肺癌患者的工作生活质量水平有待提高，重返工作准备度、心理适应、重返工作时长及受教育水平能够对肺癌患者的工作生活质量产生影响，护理管理者可尽早采取积极应对措施，开展个性化的延续护理措施。 Abstract:Objective To explore the status quo of quality of work and life of patients with lung cancer who returned to work, and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide theoretical basis for nursing managers to formulate targeted intervention measures. Methods Using a cross-sectional study, 157 cases of lung cancer patients in Zhoushan hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected as the research objects, using the general situation questionnaire, cancer patients ' working quality of life scale, psychological adaptation scale and return to work preparation scale. Results The quality of work and life score of lung cancer patients who returned to work was (75.36±10.01) points. Among all the dimensions, the score of work meaning was the highest, the score of work environment was the second, and the score of health condition was the lowest. In the univariate analysis, sex, education level, and length of return to work were different in quality of work scores of patients with return to work, the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). In Pearson ' s correlation analysis, the quality of work and life of return-to-work lung cancer patients was positively correlated with psychological adjustment, total score of readiness to return to work, and scores of each dimension (P<0.05). In the multiple stepwise regression analysis, readiness to return to work, psychological adjustment, the length of returning to work and education level explained 36.3% of the total variation. Conclusion The quality of work and life of lung cancer patients who return to work needs to be improved. The preparation of returning to work, psychological adaptation, the length of returning to work and education level can have an impact on the quality of work and life of lung cancer patients. Nursing managers can take active measures as soon as possible and carry out personalized continuation nursing measures. -
表 1 不同一般资料重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量得分比较(n=157)
Table 1. Comparing quality of life scores in lung cancer patients returning to work with varying general information (n=157)
项目 例数(%) 工作生活质量(x±s，分) 统计量 P值 性别 2.573a 0.011 男性 93(59.24) 77.10±8.84 女性 64(40.76) 72.83±11.07 年龄 0.853a 0.396 ＜60岁 109(69.43) 75.82±9.87 ≥60岁 48(30.57) 74.31±10.31 受教育水平 3.596a ＜0.001 高中/中专及以下 112(71.34) 73.71±10.0 大专及以上 45(28.66) 79.47±8.65 婚姻状况 0.884a 0.381 有配偶 121(77.07) 75.78±9.59 无配偶 36(22.93) 73.94±11.29 工作性质 2.337a 0.021 偏脑力劳动 94(59.87) 76.86±8.72 偏体力劳动 63(40.13) 73.11±11.35 平均月收入 1.689b 0.188 ＜3 000元 34(21.66) 72.79±10.46 3 000~5 999元 71(45.22) 75.52±10.11 ≥6 000元 52(33.12) 76.81±9.39 癌症分期 0.707a 0.486 Ⅰ期~Ⅱ期 136(86.62) 75.60±9.80 Ⅲ期~Ⅳ期 21(13.38) 73.76±11.29 重返工作时长 3.344a ＜0.001 ＜6个月 97(61.78) 73.42±10.48 ≥6个月 60(38.22) 78.48±8.34 注：a为t值，b为F值。 
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表 2 重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量与心理适应、重返工作准备度间的相关性(r值)
Table 2. The correlation between the quality of work life, psychological adaptation, and readiness to return to work in lung cancer patients (r value)
项目 工作的意义 对工作态度的看法 工作环境的氛围 组织中的理解和认可 健康状况带来的问题 工作生活质量总分 应对能力 0.195 0.255 0.284 0.341 0.198 0.355 自强 0.224 0.241 0.191 0.276 0.328 0.314 社交能力 0.302 0.269 0.282 0.436 0.325 0.442 心理成长 0.219 0.196 0.312 0.222 0.284 0.301 心理适应总分 0.387 0.315 0.296 0.364 0.432 0.512 不确定维持 0.342 0.226 0.317 0.283 0.248 0.307 主动维持 0.223 0.398 0.344 0.264 0.388 0.412 重返工作准备度总分 0.402 0.374 0.339 0.487 0.415 0.559 应对能力 0.195 0.255 0.284 0.341 0.198 0.355 自强 0.224 0.241 0.191 0.276 0.328 0.314 社交能力 0.302 0.269 0.282 0.436 0.325 0.442 心理成长 0.219 0.196 0.312 0.222 0.284 0.301 心理适应总分 0.387 0.315 0.296 0.364 0.432 0.512 不确定维持 0.342 0.226 0.317 0.283 0.248 0.307 主动维持 0.223 0.398 0.344 0.264 0.388 0.412 重返工作准备度总分 0.402 0.374 0.339 0.487 0.415 0.559 注：均P＜0.05。
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表 3 重返工作岗位肺癌患者工作生活质量影响因素的多元线性回归分析
Table 3. Multiple linear regression analysis on factors influencing the quality of work life for lung cancer patients returning to work
变量 B SE β t值 P值 重返工作准备度 0.539 0.119 0.310 4.539 ＜0.001 心理适应 0.284 0.063 0.305 4.523 ＜0.001 重返工作时长 5.138 1.424 0.233 3.609 ＜0.001 受教育水平 4.376 1.318 0.213 3.319 0.001
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