Research on the influencing factors and countermeasures of depression among occupational women in functional communities based on IMB structural equation model
-
摘要:
目的 探究影响功能社区的职业女性抑郁的因素，并建立对策以优化和提升职业女性对抑郁的自我管理水平。 方法 在文献查阅和专家咨询的基础上设计调研问卷，填写问卷起止时间为2021年5月1日00:00—6月21日24:00。使用“问卷星”在线问卷在微信客户端进行点对点推送，获得调研对象同意后进行填写。在“问卷星”客户端后台进行数据整理和清洗工作。使用SPSS 24.0统计学软件进行数据录入和统计学分析。对基本情况进行描述性统计分析，分类资料比较采用χ2检验，影响因素分析使用线性回归分析模型。使用AMOS软件建立信息-动机-行为技巧(information motivation behavioral skills model，IMB)模型的结构方程。 结果 共计调研1 128份问卷，其中1 044份为有效问卷，总体问卷有效率为92.55%。调研对象中存在轻度抑郁情绪者451人，存在重度抑郁情绪者11人。多因素分析显示，年龄、学历、社会支持(社会动机因素)、工作满意(个人动机因素)和自我效能(行为技巧因素)是影响功能社区职业女性抑郁情绪的主要因素(均P＜0.05)。建立结构方程模型显示: 信息因素对抑郁情绪管理的自我效能有正向影响, 动机因素对行为技巧有正向影响，行为技巧对SDS得分有正向影响，自我效能在信息因素、动机因素对抑郁情绪的产生的影响过程中, 起部分中介作用(均P<0.05)。 结论 应加强对职业人群抑郁情绪的科普，增强职业女性的社会支持、提高职业满意度，提高职业女性管理抑郁情绪的自我效能感，从而减少抑郁情绪的发生。 Abstract:Objective To explore the factors influencing depression in working women in functional communities and to identify strategies to optimize and improve their level of self-management of depression. Methods Based on the literature review and expert consultation, a survey questionnaire was designed and filled out from 00:00 on May 1 to 24:00 on June 21 2021. Using the online questionnaire "Questionnaire Star" to push it point-to-point on the WeChat client, obtain the consent of the respondents, and then fill it out. Organize and clean the data in the backend of the "Questionnaire Star" client. Use SPSS 24.0 statistical software for data entry and statistical analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis is performed on the baseline situation and the classified data is compared between two or more groups using Chi-square tests. A linear regression analysis model is used to analyze the influencing factors. the structural equation of the information motivation behavioral skills model (IMB) model is created using AMOS software. Results A total of 1 128 questionnaires were collected, of which 1 044 were valid, giving an overall response rate of 92.55%. A total of 451 respondents had mild depression, and 11 had severe depression. Multivariate analysis showed that age, education level, social support (social motivational factors), job satisfaction (personal motivational factors), and self-efficacy (behavioral skills factors) were the main factors influencing depression in in working women in the community (all P<0.05). The structural equation model shows that information factors have a positive impact on self-efficacy in managing depression, motivational factors have a positive impact on behavioral skills, and behavioral skills have a positive impact on SDS scores. Self efficacy plays a partial mediating role in the influence of information and motivational factors on the generation of depression (all P<0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the scientific popularization of depression among professional groups, to increase social support for professional women, to improve career satisfaction and to increase their self-efficacy in dealing with depression, thereby reducing the incidence of depression. -
Key words:
- IMB model /
- Working women /
- Depression /
- Influencing factors
-
图 1 IMB的职业女性抑郁情绪管理的结构方程模型
Figure 1. Structural equation model for managing depression in professional women at IMB
表 1 功能社区职业女性基本情况[例(%)]
Table 1. Basic situation of professional women in functional communities [cases(%)]
项目 SDS得分＞50分
(n=276)SDS得分≤50分
(n=768)统计量 P值 户口类别 0.012a 0.913 农村户口 41(14.86) 112(14.58) 城镇户口 235(85.14) 656(85.42) 年龄(岁) 2.586b 0.009 ≤30 32(11.59) 191(24.87) 31~40 141(51.09) 309(40.23) 41~50 83(30.07) 204(26.56) 51~60 20(7.25) 64(8.33) 学历 2.719b 0.006 初中 32(11.59) 101(13.15) 高中 70(25.36) 254(33.07) 大学 123(44.57) 312(40.63) 研究生 51(18.48) 101(13.15) 婚姻状况 7.664a 0.022 未婚 70(25.36) 214(27.86) 已婚 114(41.30) 364(47.40) 离异 92(33.33) 190(24.74) 职业类别 6.579a 0.037 事业单位/政府机关 63(22.83) 210(27.34) 企业 140(50.72) 321(41.80) 自由职业/个体工商 73(26.45) 237(30.86) 子女情况 1.030b 0.303 无子女 88(31.88) 263(34.24) 有1个子女 104(37.68) 297(38.67) 有2个或以上子女 84(30.43) 208(27.08) 信息因素(分) 0.707b 0.480 1~5 99(35.87) 253(32.94) 6~10 67(24.28) 197(25.65) 11~15 54(19.57) 156(20.31) 16~20 56(20.29) 162(21.09) 社会支持(分) 3.520b <0.001 ＜20 121(43.84) 251(32.68) 21~30 90(32.61) 269(35.03) 31~40 65(23.55) 248(32.29) 工作满意(分) 5.554a 0.018 ＜3 176(63.77) 427(55.60) ≥3 100(36.23) 341(44.40) 自我效能感(分) 4.734a 0.029 ＜2.5 169(61.23) 412(53.65) ≥2.5 107(38.77) 356(46.35) 注：a为χ2值，b为Z值。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 职业女性抑郁情绪影响因素的多因素分析
Table 2. Multifactor analysis of factors influencing depression in professional women
变量 B SE Wald χ2 P值 OR值 95% CI 年龄 0.027 0.010 14.251 0.001 1.122 1.089~1.125 学历 0.225 0.003 22.762 ＜0.001 1.253 1.142~1.374 社会支持 -0.003 0.011 27.226 ＜0.001 1.003 1.002~1.004 工作满意 -0.151 0.021 6.803 0.009 1.163 1.038~1.303 自我效能 -0.745 0.032 24.912 0.043 2.107 1.572~2.824
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 基于IMB的职业女性抑郁情绪管理的结构方程模型参数
Table 3. Parameters of the structural equation model for IMB-based depression management in professional women
结构方程模型路径 标准化路径系数 非标准化路径系数 SE CR P值 Label 自我效能＜信息因素 0.009 0.002 0.006 0.268 0.788 W1 自我效能<工作满意 0.755 1.097 0.110 9.966 <0.001 W2 自我效能<社会支持 0.027 0.014 0.032 0.435 0.663 W3 抑郁情绪<自我效能 0.023 0.161 0.532 0.302 0.763 W4 抑郁情绪<IF 0.238 0.295 0.044 6.667 <0.001 W5 抑郁情绪<工作满意 0.035 0.363 0.981 0.370 0.712 W6 抑郁情绪<社会支持 0.412 1.520 0.246 6.175 <0.001 W7
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 邹璐璐, 孙静, 甘火琴. 围绝经期抑郁障碍的临床表现与治疗进展[J]. 临床精神医学杂志, 2022, 32(2): 162-164.ZOU L L, SUN J, GAN H Q. Clinical manifestation and treatment progress of major depression disorder in perimenopausal period[J]. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2022, 32(2): 162-164. [2] 周培宇, 梁昌勇, 马一鸣. COVID-19背景下基于IMB模型的中老年人在线健康信息搜寻行为影响机制研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2022, 30(3): 76-84.ZHOU P Y, LIANG C Y, MA Y M. Research on the influence mechanism of online health information seeking behavior of middle-aged and older adults based on the IMB model in the context of COVID-19[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2022, 30(3): 76-84. [3] 周凌明, 王冬. 基于明尼苏达量表的医生工作满意度实证研究[J]. 中国卫生质量管理, 2018, 25(5): 55-58.ZHOU L M, WANG D. An empirical study on physicians ' job satisfaction based on the Minnesota Scale[J]. Chinese Health Quality Management, 2018, 25(5): 55-58. [4] 张梦, 赵梦晗, 董嘉慧, 等. 多维社会支持量表的初步编制[J]. 心理研究, 2021, 14(5): 418-427. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1159.2021.05.005ZHANG M, ZHAO M H, DONG J H, et al. Preliminary development of Multidimensional Social Support Scale[J]. Psychological Research, 2021, 14(5): 418-427. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1159.2021.05.005 [5] 范佳瑜. 绩效考核公平感对网约配送员工作幸福感的影响研究: 自我效能感的调节作用[D]. 杭州: 浙江财经大学, 2022.FAN J Y. Research on the effect of performance appraisal fairness on job happiness of online dispatchers: the regulatory effect of self efficacy[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, 2022. [6] 刘书光. 负性情绪对慢性心力衰竭患者自我概念的影响[J]. 中国循证心血管医学杂志, 2012, 4(4): 332-334. doi: 10.3969/j.1674-4055.2012.04.014LIU S G. Influence of negative emotion on self-concept in patients with chronic heart failure[J]. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Medicine, 2012, 4(4): 332-334. doi: 10.3969/j.1674-4055.2012.04.014 [7] DONG M, WANG S B, LI Y, et al. Prevalence of suicidal behaviors in patients with major depressive disorder in China: a comprehensive meta-analysis[J]. J Affective Disord, 2018, 225: 32. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.043 [8] 周金英, 孙杨芳, 刘蓓, 等. 二胎瘢痕子宫孕妇孕期抑郁状况及影响因素分析[J]. 中华全科医学, 2021, 19(7): 1179-1181, 1235. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002015ZHOU J Y, SUN Y F, LIU B, et al. Depression and its influencing factors in second child pregnant women with cicatricial uterus[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2021, 19(7): 1179-1181, 1235. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002015 [9] 姚羽. 女性LUTS/BOO与焦虑抑郁的相关性及中医证候分布特点研究[D]. 北京: 中国中医科学院, 2022.YAO Y. The correlation between LUTS/BOO and anxiety and depression in women and the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome[D]. Beijing: China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 2022. [10] 张小甜, 张悦, 张风华, 等. 3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型的关联性研究[J]. 中华全科医学, 2022, 20(7): 1155-1157, 1161. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002546ZHANG X T, ZHANG Y, ZHANG F H, et al. Relationship between depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants and their feeding style, parenting confidence and infant temperament type[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2022, 20(7): 1155-1157, 1161. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002546 [11] 黄旭华, 刘婷, 翟欢. 预防性聚焦解决模式对中青年女性焦虑与抑郁心理状态的干预效果观察[J]. 贵州医药, 2021, 45(11): 1814-1815.HUANG X H, LIU T, ZHAI H. Observation on the effect of preventive focused solution model on anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged women[J]. Guizhou Medical Journal, 2021, 45(11): 1814-1815. [12] 王轶佳, 方春霞, 郑丽鹏. 更年期女性伴发抑郁的临床特点及相关因素分析[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2020, 35(23): 4536-4539.WANG Y J, FANG C X, ZHENG L P. Analysis of clinical features and related factors of menopausal women with depression[J]. Maternal and Child Health Care of China, 2020, 35(23): 4536-4539. [13] 赵科颖, 何燕玲, 曾庆枝, 等. 上海市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓水平及影响因素研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2020, 23(4): 483-489.ZHAO K Y, HE Y L, ZENG Q Z, et al. Mental health literacy and influencing factors among community-dwelling residents in Shanghai[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2020, 23(4): 483-489. [14] 王金营, 李天然. 中国老年失能年龄模式及未来失能人口预测[J]. 人口学刊, 2020, 42(5): 57-72.WANG J Y, LI T R. The age mode of elderly disability in China and the disabled population projection[J]. Population Journal, 2020, 42(5): 57-72. [15] 贾辛婕, 王晴, 李琳, 等. 未婚未育年轻女性乳腺癌术后患者焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J]. 天津护理, 2020, 28(5): 525-530.JIA X J, WANG Q, LI L, et al. Analysis of the status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression in the unmarried and childless young women after breast cancer surgery[J]. Tianjin Journal of Nursing, 2020, 28(5): 525-530. -
点击查看大图
图(1) / 表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 243
- HTML全文浏览量: 129
- PDF下载量: 11
- 被引次数: 0
