慢性萎缩性胃炎患者健康素养状况及相关影响因素分析

苏博超; 冯博俊豪; 李昀珊; 索宝军; 吴一波; 张金太

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003268

慢性萎缩性胃炎患者健康素养状况及相关影响因素分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003268

1.
陕西(高校)哲学社会科学重点研究基地-健康文化研究中心, 陕西西安 712046
2.
澳门科技大学医学院, 澳门 999078
3.
山东大学公共卫生学院, 山东济南 250012
4.
北京大学第三医院消化科, 北京 100191
5.
北京大学公共卫生学院, 北京 100191
6.
青岛市黄岛区疾病预防控制中心, 山东青岛 266400

基金项目:

陕西省教育厅重大项目 SMZX202104

详细信息

通讯作者:
张金太，E-mail：zjt1974@163.com

中图分类号: R573.32
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- 文章访问数: 124
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-13

Analysis of health literacy status and related factors in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis

1.
Shaanxi University Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Sciences-Health Culture Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 712046, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的健康素养状况及影响因素，为慢性萎缩性胃炎患者健康教育提供建议。方法于2020年5月6日—2021年1月24日，招募调查员在3所三级医院(山东省2所，北京市1所)、4所二级医院(新疆维吾尔自治区、山西省、湖北省、广东省各1所)和3所一级医院(山西省、广东省、河南省各1所)的病房或者门诊发放并回收问卷，并采用SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行统计描述、χ²检验和logistic回归分析。结果本研究最终获得有效样本数602份，慢性萎缩性胃炎患者具备健康素养的比例为36.9%(222例)；具备功能性、批判性、互动性健康素养的慢性萎缩性胃炎患者比例分别为41.7%(251例)、50.7%(305例)、55.5%(334例)。总健康素养方面，在城乡(χ²=9.823，P < 0.05)、年龄段(χ²=17.815，P < 0.05)、学历(χ²=43.044，P < 0.05)、职业(χ²=21.583，P < 0.05)等方面存在统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，小学以下学历(OR=0.162，95% CI：0.044~0.585)、初中学历(OR=0.270，95% CI：0.106~0.687)、高中/职高/中专学历(OR=0.248，95% CI：0.105~0.583)、大专/本科学历(OR=0.430，95% CI：0.189~0.977)与研究生及以上学历相比，不利于健康素养的培养。结论慢性萎缩性胃炎患者健康素养水平较低，学历对慢性萎缩性胃炎患者健康素养影响差异有统计学意义。
- 萎缩性胃炎 /
- 健康素养 /
- 影响因素 /
- 相关性
Abstract: Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of health literacy in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and to provide suggestions for health education for patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. Methods Investigators were recruited to distribute and collect questionnaires in the wards or outpatients of 3 tertiary hospitals (2 in Shandong Province, 1 in Beijing), 4 secondary hospitals (1 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, 1 in Shanxi Province, 1 in Hubei Province and 1 in Guangdong Province) and 3 primary hospitals (1 in Shanxi Province, 1 in Guangdong Province and 1 in Henan Province) from May 6, 2020 to January 24, 2021. SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics, χ² test and logistic linear regression analysis. Results A total of 602 effective samples were obtained and the proportion of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with health literacy was 36.9% (222 cases). The proportion of chronic atrophic gastritis patients with functional, critical and interactive health literacy were 41.7% (251 cases), 50.7% (305 cases) and 55.5% (334 cases), respectively. In terms of total health literacy, there were statistical significance in urban and rural areas (χ²=9.823, P < 0.05), age (χ²=17.815, P < 0.05), education (χ²=43.044, P < 0.05), occupation (χ²=21.583, P < 0.05) and so on. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that education below elementary school (OR=0.162, 95% CI: 0.044-0.585), junior high school education (OR=0.270, 95% CI: 0.106-0.687), high school/vocational high school/secondary school education (OR=0.248, 95% CI: 0.105-0.583), and college/bachelor ' s degree (OR=0.430, 95% CI: 0.189-0.977) were unfavorable for health literacy development compared to graduate and higher degrees. Conclusion The level of health literacy of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis is low, and the influence of education on the health literacy of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis is statistically significant.
- Atrophic gastritis /
- Health literacy /
- Influencing factors /
- Relativity

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表 1 不同社会特征下萎缩性胃炎患者的健康素养状况[例(%)]

Table 1. Health literacy status of patients with atrophic gastritis under different social characteristics [cases (%)]

项目	类别	例数(%)	功能性	互动性	批判性	健康素养
性别	男性	388(64.5)	162(41.8)	220(56.7)	210(54.1)	146(37.6)
	女性	214(35.5)	89(41.6)	114(53.3)	95(44.4)	76(35.5)
χ²值			0.002	0.657	5.225	0.265
P值			0.969	0.418	0.022	0.607
居住地	乡村	471(78.2)	208(44.16)	275(58.39)	252(53.50)	189(40.13)
	城市	131(21.8)	43(32.82)	59(45.04)	53(40.46)	33(25.19)
χ²值			5.419	7.394	6.978	9.823
P值			0.020	0.007	0.008	0.002
年龄	40岁及以下	157(26.1)	84(53.5)	84(53.5)	75(47.8)	71(45.2)
	41~50岁	222(36.9)	102(45.9)	136(61.3)	120(54.1)	89(40.1)
	51~60岁	122(20.3)	39(32.0)	65(53.3)	63(51.6)	37(30.3)
	61~70岁	71(11.8)	20(28.2)	38(53.5)	33(46.5)	18(25.4)
	71岁以上	30(5.0)	6(20.0)	11(36.7)	14(46.7)	7(23.3)
χ²值			32.923	10.044	3.152	17.815
P值			< 0.001	0.074	0.677	0.003
婚姻	未婚	95(15.8)	38(40.0)	43(45.3)	43(45.3)	28(29.5)
	已婚	507(84.2)	213(42.0)	291(57.4)	262(51.7)	194(38.3)
χ²值			0.133	4.769	1.317	2.656
P值			0.715	0.029	0.251	0.103
学历	小学以下	35(5.8)	5(14.30)	13(37.1)	13(37.1)	5(14.3)
	初中	94(15.6)	28(29.8)	48(51.1)	45(47.9)	26(27.7)
	高中/职高/中专	186(30.9)	59(31.7)	107(57.5)	100(53.8)	55(29.6)
	大专/本科	258(42.9)	137(53.1)	146(56.6)	129(50.0)	117(45.3)
	研究生及以上	29(4.8)	22(75.9)	20(69.0)	18(62.1)	19(65.5)
χ²值			67.790	8.863	5.765	43.044
P值			< 0.001	0.115	0.330	< 0.001
职业	公务员及事业单位人员	96(15.9)	49(51.0)	57(59.4)	55(57.3)	46(47.9)
	农、林、牧、渔、水利业生产人员	99(16.4)	29(29.3)	60(60.6)	48(48.5)	27(27.3)
	其他从业及无业人员	93(15.4)	32(34.4)	36(38.7)	36(38.7)	24(25.8)
	商业、服务业人员	82(13.6)	34(41.5)	47(57.3)	41(50.0)	30(36.6)
	生产、运输设备操作人员及有关人员	106(17.6)	40(37.7)	64(60.4)	64(60.4)	38(35.8)
	医疗卫生人员	50(8.3)	27(54.0)	25(50.0)	25(50.0)	25(50.0)
	专业技术人员	76(12.6)	40(52.6)	45(59.2)	36(47.4)	32(42.1)
χ²值			22.510	17.018	13.781	21.583
P值			0.002	0.017	0.055	0.003

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表 2 Logistic回归分析变量赋值情况

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of variable assignment

自变量	赋值方法
性别	女性=0，男性=1
城乡	乡村=0，城镇=1
年龄	40岁及以下=1，41~50岁=2，51~60岁=3，61~70岁=4，71岁及以上=5
婚姻状况	未婚=0，已婚=1
吸烟	否=0，是=1
饮酒	否=0，是=1
学历	小学=1，初中=2，高中/职高/中专=3，大专/本科=4，研究生及以上=5
职业	公务员及事业单位人员=(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)，农、林、牧、渔、水利业生产人员=(0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0)，其他从业及无业人员=(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0)，商业、服务业人员=(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)，生产、运输设备操作人员及有关人员=(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0)，医疗卫生人员=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)，专业技术人员=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)，以“专业技术人员”为参照。

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表 3 萎缩性胃炎患者健康素养影响因素logistic回归分析

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of factors influencing health literacy of patients with atrophic gastritis

学历	B	SE	Wald χ²	P值	OR值	95% CI
小学	-1.829	0.659	7.698	0.006	0.161	0.044~0.585
初中	-1.310	0.477	7.550	0.006	0.270	0.106~0.687
高中/职高/中专	-1.395	0.437	10.212	0.001	0.248	0.105~0.583
大专/本科	-0.844	0.418	4.065	0.044	0.430	0.189~0.977
注：本表仅展示差异有统计学意义的变量。

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