眼动追踪技术在儿童孤独症谱系障碍中的研究进展

许金波; 韩辉; 施磊; 童光磊

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003173

眼动追踪技术在儿童孤独症谱系障碍中的研究进展

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003173

许金波¹,
韩辉²,
施磊¹,
童光磊^1, ,

1.
复旦大学附属儿科医院安徽医院康复科/国家儿童区域医疗中心，安徽合肥 230051
2.
安徽省中医院脑病科，安徽合肥 230031

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 81673811

安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目 1804h08020254

安徽医科大学校科研基金项目 2020xkj076

详细信息

通讯作者:
童光磊，E-mail：tong704@sina.com

中图分类号: R729
计量
- 文章访问数: 136
- HTML全文浏览量: 70
- PDF下载量: 25
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-19

Research advances of eye tracking technology in children with autism spectrum disorder

1.
Department of Rehabilitation, Anhui Hospital Affiliated to the Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University/National Children ' s Regional Medical Centre, Hefei, Anhui 230051, China

摘要

摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder，ASD)是一类神经发育障碍性疾病，其核心症状是社交能力缺陷、兴趣狭隘、重复刻板样行为。眼神注视异常是ASD儿童的临床症状之一，也是早期行为学标记。ASD儿童与正常发育儿童的眼动特征存在显著差异，主要表现为对社交属性刺激的视觉注视减少或缺失，分析眼动特征能为ASD研究提供客观化指标。眼动追踪技术(eye tracking，ET)是一项客观的非侵入性检查新技术，可以直观、准确地观测视觉注视时间及时间分配，能够对ASD儿童的社会注意、局限性兴趣、情绪识别等进行更准确更敏感的测量，已成为ASD领域的研究热点。在早期识别筛查方面，ET可以了解评估ASD儿童的早期行为发育，并作为早期识别筛查的方法之一；在诊断方面，ET能将主观行为观察与客观行为指标相结合；在治疗方面，ET能辅助制订个体化干预方案；在预后分析方面，ET能作为症状严重程度的预测工具。梳理近年来ET在ASD儿童早期筛查识别、早期诊断、早期干预治疗、预后分析等方面的应用及ASD儿童眼动的神经机制等研究进展并进行综述。未来的研究应进一步探索ASD儿童眼动的神经机制，将眼动追踪技术与5G技术、虚拟技术、机器人技术结合，拓展眼动追踪技术的应用范围，为ASD的病因探寻和康复治疗提供新的思路与方法。
- 孤独症谱系障碍 /
- 眼动追踪技术 /
- 视觉注意 /
- 早期识别 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorder whose core symptoms are social deficits, narrow interests, and repetitive stereotype-like behaviors. Abnormal eye fixation is one of the clinical symptoms and early behavioral markers in children with ASD. Eye movement characteristics of children with ASD differ significantly from those of normally developing children, mainly in terms of reduced or absent visual gaze to socially attributed stimuli. Analysis of eye movement characteristics can provide an objective indicator for ASD research. Eye tracking (ET) technology is a new objective and non-invasive examination technique that can visually and accurately observe visual gaze duration and time allocation, and can provide more accurate and sensitive measurements of social attention, restricted interest, and emotion recognition in children with ASD. It has become a research hotspot in the field of ASD. In early identification screening, ET can understand and assess the early behavioral development of children with ASD and serve as one of the pathways for early identification screening. In diagnosis, ET combines subjective behavioral observations with objective behavioral indicators. In treatment, ET can assist in developing individualized intervention plans. In analyzing prognosis, ET can serve as a predictive tool for symptom severity. The application of ET in early screening and identification, early diagnosis, early intervention and treatment, prognosis analysis and the research progress of the neural mechanism of eye movement in children with ASD are summarized. Future research should further explore the neural mechanisms of eye movements in children with ASD and combine ET with 5G technology, virtual technology, and robotics to expand the application of ET and provide new ideas and methods for the exploration of the etiology and rehabilitation treatment of ASD.
- Autism spectrum disorder /
- Eye tracking /
- Visual attention /
- Early identification /
- Children

HTML全文

参考文献(44)

[1]	中华医学会儿科学分会发育行为学组, 中国医师协会儿科分会儿童保健学组. 中国低龄儿童孤独症谱系障碍早期诊断专家共识[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2022, 60(7): 640-646. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220118-00062 The Subspecialty Group of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the Society of Pediatrics. Expert consensus on early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in Chinese young children[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2022, 60(7): 640-646. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220118-00062
[2]	MAENNER M J, SHAW K A, BAKIAN A V, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autismand developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2018[J]. MMWR Surveill Summ, 2021, 70(11): 1-16. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.ss7011a1
[3]	ZHOU H, XU X, YAN W L, et al. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in china: a nationwide multi-center population-based study among children aged 6 to 12 years[J]. Neurosci Bull, 2020, 36(9): 961-971. doi: 10.1007/s12264-020-00530-6
[4]	FEDOR J, LYNN A, FORAN W, et al. Patterns of fixation during face recognition: differences in autism across age[J]. Autism, 2018, 22(7): 866-880. doi: 10.1177/1362361317714989
[5]	ALCANIZ M, CHICCHI-GIGLIOLI I A, CARRASCO-RIBELLES L A, et al. Eye gaze as a biomarker in the recognition of autism spectrum disorder using virtual reality and machine learning: a proof of concept for diagnosis[J]. Autism Res, 2022, 15(1): 131-145. doi: 10.1002/aur.2636
[6]	WANG Q, LU H, FENG S, et al. Investigating intra-individual variability of face scanning in autistic children[J]. Autism, 2022, 26(7): 1752-1764. doi: 10.1177/13623613211064373
[7]	TSANG V, CHU P C K. Comparing eye-tracking data of children with high-functioning ASD, comorbid ADHD, and of a control watching social videos[J]. J Vis Exp, 2018(142): 58694. DOI: 10.3791/58694.
[8]	HEDGER N, CHAKRABARTI B. Autistic differences in the temporal dynamics of social attention[J]. Autism, 2021, 25(6): 1615-1626. doi: 10.1177/1362361321998573
[9]	TENENBAUM E J, MAJOR S, CARPENTER K L H, et al. Distance from typical scan path when viewing complex stimuli in children with autism spectrum disorder and its association with behavior[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2021, 51(10): 3492-3505. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04812-w
[10]	LIU Q, WANG Q, LI X, et al. Social Synchronization during joint attention in children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Autism Res, 2021, 14(10): 2120-2130. doi: 10.1002/aur.2553
[11]	DEL BIANCO T, MASON L, CHARMAN T, et al. Temporal profiles of social attention are different across development in autistic and neurotypical people[J]. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging, 2021, 6(8): 813-824.
[12]	GONG X, LI X, WANG Q, et al. Comparing visual preferences between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and normal children to explore the characteristics of visual preference of ASD children by improved visual preference paradigm: a case-control study[J]. Transl Pediatr, 2021, 10(8): 2006-2015. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-294
[13]	BOCHET A, FRANCHINI M, KOJOVIC N, et al. Emotional vs. neutral face exploration and habituation: an eye-tracking study of preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2020, 11: 568997. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.568997.
[14]	VETTORI S, DZHELYOVA M, VAN DER DONCK S, et al. Frequency-tagging electroencephalography of superimposed social and non-social visual stimulation streams reveals reduced saliency of faces in autism spectrum disorder[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2020, 11: 332.
[15]	ISHIZAKI Y, HIGUCHI T, YANAGIMOTO Y, et al. Eye gaze differences in school scenes between preschool children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and those with typical development[J]. Biopsychosoc Med, 2021, 15(1): 2. doi: 10.1186/s13030-020-00203-w
[16]	KALIUKHOVICH D A, MANYAKOV N V, BANGERTER A, et al. Visual preference for biological motion in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: an eye-tracking study[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2021, 51(7): 2369-2380. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04707-w
[17]	HARROP C, JONES D, ZHENG S, et al. Visual attention to faces in children with autism spectrum disorder: are there sex differences?[J]. Mol Autism, 2019, 10: 28. doi: 10.1186/s13229-019-0276-2
[18]	HARROP C, JONES D R, SASSON N J, et al. Social and object attention is influenced by biological sex and toy gender-congruence in children with and without autism[J]. Autism Res, 2020, 13(5): 763-766. doi: 10.1002/aur.2245
[19]	NYSTROM P, THORUP E, BOLTE S, et al. Joint attention in infancy and the emergence of autism[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2019, 86(8): 631-638. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.05.006
[20]	CAMERO R, MARTINEZ V, GALLEGO C. Gaze following and pupil dilation as early diagnostic markers of autism in toddlers[J]. Children (Basel), 2021, 8(2): 113.
[21]	JENSEN K, NOAZIN S, BITTERFELD L, et al. Autism detection in children by combined use of gaze preference and the m-chat-r in a resource-scarce setting[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2021, 51(3): 994-1006. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-04878-0
[22]	MICAI M, VULCHANOVA M, SALDANA D. Reading goals and executive function in autism: an eye-tracking study[J]. Autism Res, 2021, 14(5): 1007-1024. doi: 10.1002/aur.2447
[23]	WAN G, KONG X, SUN B, et al. Applying eye tracking to identify autism spectrum disorder in children[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2019, 49(1): 209-215. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3690-y
[24]	SAHUQUILLO-LEAL R, NAVALON P, MORENO-GIMENEZ A, et al. Attentional biases towards emotional scenes in autism spectrum condition: an eye-tracking study[J]. Res Dev Disabil, 2022, 120: 104124. DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104124.
[25]	KOU J, LE J, FU M, et al. Comparison of three different eye-tracking tasks for distinguishing autistic from typically developing children and autistic symptom severity[J]. Autism Res, 2019, 12(10): 1529-1540. doi: 10.1002/aur.2174
[26]	FRAZIER T W, KLINGEMIER E W, PARIKH S, et al. Development and validation of objective and quantitative eye tracking-based measures of autism risk and symptom levels[J]. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2018, 57(11): 858-866. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.06.023
[27]	VABALAS A, GOWEN E, POLIAKOFF E, et al. Applying machine learning to kinematic and eye movement features of a movement imitation task to predict autism diagnosis[J]. Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1): 8346. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65384-4
[28]	SHIC F, NAPLES A J, BARNEY E C, et al. The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials: evaluation of a battery of candidate eye-tracking biomarkers for use in autism clinical trials[J]. Mol Autism, 2022, 13(1): 15. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00482-2
[29]	KANG J, HAN X, SONG J, et al. The identification of children with autism spectrum disorder by svm approach on eeg and eye-tracking data[J]. Comput Biol Med, 2020, 120: 103722. DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103722.
[30]	WANG Q, WALL C A, BARNEY E C, et al. Promoting social attention in 3-year-olds with ASD through gaze-contingent eye tracking[J]. Autism Res, 2020, 13(1): 61-73. doi: 10.1002/aur.2199
[31]	GEPNER B, GODDE A, CHARRIER A, et al. Reducing facial dynamics ' speed during speech enhances attention to mouth in children with autism spectrum disorder: an eye-tracking study[J]. Dev Psychopathol, 2021, 33(3): 1006-1015. doi: 10.1017/S0954579420000292
[32]	BRADSHAW J, SHIC F, HOLDEN A N, et al. The use of eye tracking as a biomarker of treatment outcome in a pilot randomized clinical trial for young children with autism[J]. Autism Res, 2019, 12(5): 779-793. doi: 10.1002/aur.2093
[33]	AVNI I, MEIRI G, BAR-SINAI A, et al. Children with autism observe social interactions in an idiosyncratic manner[J]. Autism Res, 2020, 13(6): 935-946. doi: 10.1002/aur.2234
[34]	LATRECHE K, KOJOVIC N, FRANCHINI M, et al. Attention to face as a predictor of developmental change and treatment outcome in young children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(8): 942. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9080942
[35]	BACON E C, MOORE A, LEE Q, et al. Identifying prognostic markers in autism spectrum disorder using eye tracking[J]. Autism, 2020, 24(3): 658-669. doi: 10.1177/1362361319878578
[36]	CRUCITTI J, HYDE C, ENTICOTT P G, et al. A Systematic review of frontal lobe volume in autism spectrum disorder revealing distinct trajectories[J]. J Integr Neurosci, 2022, 21(2): 57. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2102057
[37]	FISCHI-GOMEZ E, BONNIER G, WARD N, et al. Ultrahigh field in vivo characterization of microstructural abnormalities in the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala in autism[J]. Eur J Neurosci, 2021, 54(6): 6229-6236. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15420
[38]	MIRPOUR K, BISLEY J W. The roles of the lateral intraparietal area and frontal eye field in guiding eye movements in free viewing search behavior[J]. J Neurophysiol, 2021, 125(6): 2144-2157. doi: 10.1152/jn.00559.2020
[39]	BALTARETU B R, MONACO S, VELJI-IBRAHIM J, et al. Parietal cortex integrates saccade and object orientation signals to update grasp plans[J]. J Neurosci, 2020, 40(23): 4525-4535. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0300-20.2020
[40]	CHEN X, ZIRNSAK M, VEGA G M, et al. Parietal cortex regulates visual salience and salience-driven behavior[J]. Neuron, 2020, 106(1): 177-187. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.016
[41]	PETERSON B S, ZARGARIAN A, PETERSON J B, et al. Hyperperfusion of frontal white and subcortical gray matter in autism spectrum disorder[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2019, 85(7): 584-595. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.026
[42]	MAGRI C, FABBRI S, CARAMAZZA A, et al. Directional tuning for eye and arm movements in overlapping regions in human posterior parietal cortex[J]. NeuroImage, 2019, 191: 234-242. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.029
[43]	YAO S, ZHOU M, ZHANG Y, et al. Decreased homotopic interhemispheric functional connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Autism Res, 2021, 14(8): 1609-1620. doi: 10.1002/aur.2523
[44]	张静, 王凯旋, 盛放, 等. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童肠道菌群多样性与Treg-Th17的相关性研究[J]. 中华全科医学, 2020, 18(8): 1324-1326, 1330. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.001498 ZHANG J, WANG K X, SHENG F, et al. Correlation between gut microbiota diversity and Treg-Th17 in children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2020, 18(8): 1324-1326, 1330. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.001498