Analysis of influencing factors of self-perceived burden in children with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
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摘要:
目的 调查过敏性紫癜患儿的自我感受负担状况，分析家庭关怀度、心理韧性与自我感受负担的关系，探讨自我感受负担的影响因素。 方法 选取2018年7月—2021年6月蚌埠市第一人民医院小儿科收治的133例过敏性紫癜患儿作为研究对象，采用家庭关怀度量表(APGAR)、慢性病儿童韧性量表(CICRS)和自我感受负担量表(SPBS)对患儿及家属进行调查。自我感受负担的单因素分析应用成组t检验或方差分析，家庭关怀度、心理韧性及自我感受负担相关分析采用Pearson相关分析，自我感受负担的影响因素采用多元线性回归分析。 结果 患儿SPBS总分为(31.06±8.18)分，自我感受负担位于中度负担水平。不同年龄、性格特征、家庭收入、主要照顾者角色、病程、住院次数和是否伴有肾脏损伤的患儿SPBS评分比较，差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)；家庭关怀度、心理韧性和自我感受负担各维度评分及总分均呈负相关关系(均P < 0.01)。住院次数、是否合并肾脏损伤、家庭关怀度和心理韧性是过敏性紫癜患儿自我感受负担的影响因素(均P < 0.05)。 结论 过敏性紫癜患儿存在不同程度自我感受负担，家庭关怀、心理韧性与自我感受负担有一定的关联。护理人员应重视家庭情感干预，开展心理行为疏导，改善患儿自我感受负担。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the status of self-perceived burden in children with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura, analyze the relationship with family care, mental toughness and self-perceived burden, and explore the influencing factors of self-perceived burden. Methods A total of 133 children with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura treated in the Pediatrics Department of the First People' s Hospital of Bengbu from July 2018 to Jun 2021 were selected as the research objects. The children and their families were investigated with family care scale (APGAR), chronic illness children' s resilience scale (CICRS) and self-perceived burden scale (SPBS). Two-sample t-test and ANOVA were used for univariate analysis of self-perceived burden. Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis of family care, psychological resilience and self-perceived burden. Multiple linear regression was used for influencing factors of self-perceived burden. Results The total SPBS score of patients was (31.06±8.18) points, and the self-perceived burden was at the moderate level. There were statistically significant differences in SPBS scores among children with different ages, personality characteristics, family income, main caregiver role, course of disease, number of hospitalizations and whether by kidney injury (P < 0.05). There was negative correlation between family care, mental toughness and self-perceived burden of each dimension and total score (all P < 0.01). The number of hospitalizations, kidney injury, family care aall nd mental toughness were the influencing factors of the self-perceived burden of children with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Children with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura have different degrees of self-perceived burden, and family care, mental toughness are related to the self-perceived burden to a certain extent. Nursing staff should pay attention to family emotional intervention, carry out psychological behavior counseling, and improve children' s self-perceived burden. -
Key words:
- Henoch-Schoenlein purpura /
- Self-perceived burden /
- Mental toughness /
- Family care /
- Influencing factors
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表 1 133例过敏性紫癜患儿自我感受负担的单因素分析(x±s，分)
Table 1. Single factor analysis of self-perceived burden in 133 children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (x±s, points)
变量 例数 SPBS得分 统计量 P值 性别 男 67 31.49±8.36 0.613c 0.541 女 66 30.62±8.04 年龄(岁) 5~8 100 30.12±8.28 2.346c 0.020 9~14 33 33.91±7.27 性格特征 偏外向 98 29.97±7.81 2.630c 0.010 偏内向 35 34.11±8.54 是否合并肾脏损伤 是 23 37.83±6.79 4.695c ＜0.001 否 110 29.65±7.75 家庭收入(万/年) < 10 84 32.45±8.08 2.626c 0.010 ≥10 49 28.67±7.87 主要照顾者角色 父母 102 30.26±7.84 2.058c 0.042 其他 31 33.68±8.86 病程(年) 1 64 29.38±8.11 3.294d 0.040 2 51 32.02±8.06 ≥3 18 34.39±7.71a 住院次数 1 73 29.22±7.28 8.645d ＜0.001 2 39 31.21±8.58 ≥3 21 37.19±7.71b 主要照顾者健康状况 健康 42 31.95±8.75 1.835d 0.164 一般 76 30.41±7.98 较差 15 33.93±6.94 注：与病程1年比较，aP < 0.05；与住院1次、2次比较，bP < 0.01；c为t值，d为F值。 
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表 2 家庭关怀度、心理韧性和自我感受负担的相关分析(r值)
Table 2. Correlation analysis of family caring degree, psychological resilience and self-perceived burden (r value)
变量 家庭关怀度 心理韧性 机体负担 经济负担 情感负担 SPB 家庭关怀度 1 心理韧性 0.293 1 机体负担 -0.335 -0.478 1 经济负担 -0.324 -0.351 0.563 1 情感负担 -0.475 -0.413 0.598 0.526 1 SPB -0.349 -0.368 0.617 0.553 0.632 1 注: 均P < 0.01。
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表 3 变量赋值情况
Table 3. Variable assignment
变量 赋值方法 年龄 5~8岁=1，9~14岁=2 性格特征 偏外向=1，偏内向=2 是否伴肾脏损伤 是=1，否=2 家庭收入 < 10万/年=1，≥10万/年=2 主要照顾者角色 父母=1，其他=2 病程 1年=1，2年=2，≥3年=3 住院次数 1次=1，2次=2，≥3次=3 家庭关怀度 以实际值赋值 心理韧性 以实际值赋值
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表 4 过敏性紫癜患儿自我感受负担影响因素的多元线性回归分析
Table 4. Multiple linear regression analysis of factors influencing self-perceived burden in children with Henoch Schonlein purpura
变量 B SE β t值 P值 病程 -0.141 0.902 0.012 -0.156 0.876 住院次数 2.101 0.881 0.192 2.386 0.019 家庭收入 -0.927 1.317 -0.055 -0.703 0.483 主要照顾者角色 2.376 1.432 0.123 1.659 0.100 是否伴肾脏损伤 -5.395 1.668 -0.250 -3.234 0.002 性格特征 1.875 1.389 0.101 1.350 0.180 家庭关怀度 -1.159 0.420 -0.214 -2.763 0.007 心理韧性 -0.123 0.055 -0.174 -2.213 0.029 年龄 1.851 1.422 0.099 1.302 1.196 注：R=0.614;R2=0.377;F=8.269;P＜0.001。
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