安徽省蚌埠市500名原发性高血压患者心理健康状况调查分析

王超凡; 韦道祥; 张丽娜; 宣玲

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003034

安徽省蚌埠市500名原发性高血压患者心理健康状况调查分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003034

1.
蚌埠医学院第一附属医院神经内科，安徽蚌埠 233004
2.
蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心内科

基金项目:

安徽省人文社会科学研究项目 SK2021A0433

详细信息

通讯作者:
韦道祥，E-mail：674810675@qq.com

中图分类号: R544.1 R395.6
计量
- 文章访问数: 122
- HTML全文浏览量: 22
- PDF下载量: 7
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-15
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-26

Investigation on mental health status of 500 patients with essential hypertension in Bengbu City, Anhui Province

1.
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China

摘要

摘要: 目的调查分析安徽省蚌埠市原发性高血压患者的心理健康状况及原发性高血压病程、等级与心理健康水平、焦虑、抑郁的相关性，为高血压患者制定合适的干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2022年1—6月对安徽省蚌埠市500名已确诊的原发性高血压患者进行调查，患者本人或其家属通过微信、QQ、浏览器填写症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)。统计不同性别原发性高血压患者焦虑及抑郁的患病率。采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件将高血压患者的心理健康状况与全国常模进行对比，并用Pearson相关性检验分析原发性高血压等级及病程与心理健康状况、焦虑抑郁的相关性。结果原发性高血压患者的SCL-90各因子指数及SAS、SDS得分均高于全国常模(均P＜0.001)。男性原发性高血压患者焦虑、抑郁患病率分别为38.75%(93/240)、29.58%(71/240)，女性原发性高血压患者焦虑患病率为57.69%(150/260)、42.69%(111/260)。原发性高血压的等级及病程与焦虑、抑郁得分的Pearson相关系数均在0.3~0.7之间，均P < 0.001；原发性高血压等级与SCL总指数的Pearson相关系数为0.336，P < 0.001。结论 (1) 原发性高血压患者的心理健康状况较差，女性原发性高血压患者较男性更容易出现焦虑、抑郁障碍。(2)原发性高血压等级与心理健康水平成反比，高血压等级及病程与焦虑抑郁程度成正比。
- 高血压 /
- 心理健康 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- SCL量表 /
- SAS量表 /
- SDS量表
Abstract: Objective To investigate and analyze the mental health status of essential hypertension patients in Bengbu City, Anhui province, and the correlation between the course and grade of essential hypertension and mental health level, anxiety and depression, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of appropriate intervention measures for hypertension patients. Methods A total of 500 diagnosed patients with essential hypertension were investigated in Bengbu City, Anhui province from January to June 2022. The patients themselves or their families filled in the SCL-90, SAS and SDS through WeChat, QQ and browser. The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with essential hypertension of different genders was analyzed. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to compare the mental health status of hypertension patients with the national norm, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the grade and course of essential hypertension and mental health status, anxiety and depression. Results The scores of SCL-90 factor index and SAS and SDS in patients with essential hypertension were higher than those in the national norm (both P < 0.001). The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in male patients with essential hypertension were 38.75% (93/240) and 29.58%(71/240), respectively, while the prevalence rates of anxiety in female patients with essential hypertension were 57.69%(150/260) and 42.69%(111/260). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the grade and course of essential hypertension and the score of anxiety and depression was between 0.3 and 0.7 (both P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficient between essential hypertension grade and total SCL index was 0.336 (P < 0.001). Conclusion (1) The mental health status of patients with essential hypertension is poor, and female patients with essential hypertension are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression than male patients. (2) The grade of essential hypertension is inversely proportional to the level of mental health, and the grade and course of hypertension is proportional to the degree of anxiety and depression.
- Hypertension /
- Mental health /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- SCL scale /
- SAS scale /
- SDS scale

HTML全文

表 1 本样本与全国常模SCL-90得分比较(x ±s，分)

Table 1. Comparison of SCL-90 scores between this sample and the national norm (x ±s, points)

组别	例数	焦虑	抑郁	躯体化	强迫症状	人际关系敏感	精神病性	偏执	恐惧	敌对	总指数
全国常模	12 160	1.40±0.48	1.45±0.53	1.37±0.46	1.66±0.58	1.51±0.55	1.34±0.44	1.41±0.50	1.23±0.39	1.48±0.57	1.44±0.43
本研究样本	500	1.60±0.56	1.57±0.57	1.69±0.65	1.73±0.59	1.73±0.54	1.49±0.56	1.55±0.64	1.41±0.58	1.67±0.75	1.60±0.50
t值		7.948	7.273	10.88	2.767	8.436	5.823	4.844	7.088	6.946	7.114
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 高血压等级及病程与SCL-90总指数、焦虑指数、抑郁指数的相关性

Table 2. Correlation of hypertension grade and course with SCL-90 total index, anxiety index and depression index

SCL-90因子名称	高血压等级		高血压病程
SCL-90因子名称	r值	P值	r值	P值
SCL焦虑	0.338	< 0.001	0.319	< 0.001
SCL抑郁	0.305	< 0.001	0.331	< 0.001
SCL总指数	0.336	< 0.001	0.261	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 500名高血压患者与全国常模SAS、SDS得分情况比较(x ±s，分)

Table 3. Comparison of SAS and SDS scores of 500 hypertensive patients with national norms (x ±s, points)

组别	例数	SAS	SDS
高血压患者	500	50.46±13.87	51.46±10.37
全国常模	1 138	37.23±12.59	41.88±10.57
t值		21.325	20.640
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 不同性别高血压患者SAS得分及SDS得分比较(x ±s，分)

Table 4. Comparison of SAS scores and SDS scores in hypertensive patients of different genders (x ±s, points)

性别	例数	SAS得分	SDS得分
男性	240	47.59±12.91	49.22±9.15
女性	260	53.11±14.22	53.52±11.01
t值		4.547	4.764
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 原发性高血压等级及病程与焦虑等级、抑郁等级的Pearson相关性分析

Table 5. Pearson correlation analysis of essential hypertension grade and course with anxiety grade and depression grade

项目	高血压等级		高血压病程
项目	r值	P值	r值	P值
SAS焦虑等级	0.487	< 0.001	0.351	< 0.001
SDS抑郁等级	0.329	< 0.001	0.376	< 0.001

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(16)

[1]	葛均波, 徐永健, 王辰, 等. 内科学[M]. 9版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018: 247. GE J B, XU Y J, WANG C, et al. Internal Medicine[M]. 9 edition. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2018: 247.
[2]	刘媛媛, 武圣君, 李永奇, 等. 基于SCL-90的中国人群心理症状现况调查[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2018, 32(5): 437-441. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201805020.htm LIU Y Y, WU S J, LI Y Q, et al. A survey of mental symptoms of Chinese population based on SCL-90[J]. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2018, 32(5): 437-441. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201805020.htm
[3]	李娟, 韦道祥, 谢静. COVID-2019疫情常态化防控期间蚌埠市规范化培训住院医师心理健康状况调查分析[J]. 中华全科医学, 2022, 20(2): 278-281. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002332 LI J, WEI D X, XIE J. Investigation and analysis of mental health status of residents in standardized training in Bengbu during the COVID-19 normalization of prevention and control[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2022, 20(2): 278-281. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002332
[4]	王倩, 徐凌忠, 朱静, 等. 山东省农村老年高血压患者心理健康状况及其影响因素[J]. 山东大学学报(医学版), 2019, 57(1): 92-100. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SDYB201901024.htm WANG Q, XU L Z, ZHU J, et al. Mental health and its influencing factors among rural elderly hypertensive patients in Shandong Province[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2019, 57(1): 92-100. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SDYB201901024.htm
[5]	李静, 史伟勋, 张海燕, 等. 高血压患者应对方式与心理健康关系研究[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(3): 313-316. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYY201903016.htm LI J, SHI W X, ZHANG H Y, et al. Relationship between coping styles and mental health in patients with hypertension[J]. Practical Preventive Medicine, 2019, 26(3): 313-316. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYY201903016.htm
[6]	冯正直, 柳雪荣, 陈志毅. 新冠肺炎疫情期间公众心理问题特点分析[J]. 西南大学学报(社会科学版), 2020, 46(4): 109-115. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBSW202004013.htm FENG Z Z, LIU X R, CHEN Z Y. Psychological Problems Among the MassivePeople in COVID-19 Pandemic[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Social Science Edition), 2020, 46(4): 109-115. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBSW202004013.htm
[7]	刘艳, 和靖, 孙霞霞, 等. 社会支持和健康素养对农村高血压患者抑郁的影响[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2020, 51(4): 510-514. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYK202004015.htm LIU Y, HE J, SUN X X, et al. The Effects of Social Support and Health Literacy on Depression among Rural Patients with Hypertension[J]. Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Science Edition), 2020, 51(4): 510-514. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYK202004015.htm
[8]	王思洋. 原发性高血压患者焦虑抑郁调查研究及双心治疗的临床效果[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古医科大学, 2018. WANG S Y. Investigation of anxiety and depression in patients with essential hypertension and clinical effect of dual heart therapy[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Medical University, 2018.
[9]	杨芳芳. 高血压患者伴发焦虑抑郁情况及影响因素分析[D]. 西安: 西安医学院, 2019. YANG F F. Analysis of anxiety and depression in hypertensive patients and its influencing factors[D]. Xi'an: Xi'an Medical University, 2019.
[10]	仲姝妤. 高血压患者焦虑情绪与24小时动态血压、中心动脉压及RAAS系统的相关性研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆医科大学, 2020. ZHONG S Y. Correlation between anxiety and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, central arterial pressure and RAAS system in patients with hypertension[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Medical University, 2020.
[11]	张洪梅. 综合性护理干预对原发性高血压患者心理状态及服药依从性的影响[J]. 中国现代医生, 2019, 57(8): 151-153. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZDYS201908043.htm ZHANG H M. Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on psychological state and medication compliance of patients with essential hypertension[J]. China Modern Doctor, 2019, 57(8): 151-153. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZDYS201908043.htm
[12]	郝奇俊. 顽固性高血压合并抑郁焦虑的治疗体会[J]. 内蒙古医科大学学报, 2019, 41(S1): 211-213. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMYX2019S1076.htm HAO Q J. Experience in the treatment of refractory hypertension combined with depression and anxiety[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Medical University, 2019, 41(S1): 211-213. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMYX2019S1076.htm
[13]	袁敏, 许伟源, 徐佳, 等. 老年非杓形高血压患者合并焦虑状态的阶梯式临床药物干预[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2019, 39(14): 3345-3348. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLXZ201914001.htm YUAN M, XU W Y, XU J, et al. Clinical stepped drug intervention in elderly patients with non-arytenoid hypertension complicated with anxiety state[J]. Chinese Journal of Gerontology, 2019, 39(14): 3345-3348. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZLXZ201914001.htm
[14]	丁育钧. 早期抗焦虑抑郁治疗对伴焦虑抑郁情绪的老年原发性高血压病人动态血压及心率变异性的影响[J]. 实用老年医学, 2019, 33(1): 56-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLA201901017.htm DING Y J. Effects of early anti-anxiety and depression therapy on ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate variability in elderly patients with essential hypertension accompanied by anxiety and depression[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2019, 33(1): 56-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLA201901017.htm
[15]	郭晶晶, 薛红梅, 余文珊, 等. 压力管理在中青年高血压合并高脂血症患者自我管理中的应用[J]. 中国社区医师, 2022, 38(8): 85-87. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XCYS202208029.htm GUO J J, XUE H M, YU W S, et al. Application of Stress Management in Self-Management of Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia[J]. Chinese Community Doctors, 2022, 38(8): 85-87. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XCYS202208029.htm
[16]	余建英, 董再全, 胡嘉玳. 高血压病常见心理问题及心理干预研究进展[J]. 成都医学院学报, 2018, 13(3): 378-381. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDYU201803034.htm YU J Y, DONG Z Q, HU J D. Research progress of common psychological problems and psychological intervention in hypertension[J]. Journal of Chengdu Medical College, 2018, 13(3): 378-381. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDYU201803034.htm