Efficacy and safety of acupoint stimulation in the treatment of angina pectoris caused by coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis
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摘要:
目的 常规治疗基础上加用穴位刺激疗法治疗冠心病心绞痛相关报道日益增多，但尚无针对穴位刺激对冠心病心绞痛的系统评价，现基于循证医学的meta方法对穴位刺激疗法治疗冠心病心绞痛的有效性和安全性进行评价。 方法 系统检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、CNKI、CBM、维普、万方数据库中有关穴位刺激治疗冠心病心绞痛有效性和安全性的中英文随机对照试验文献，检索时间从建库至2021年3月31日。由2名研究员独立筛选文献，提取数据，并进行质量评价，最后采用RevMan 5.4软件完成meta分析。 结果 最终纳入25篇随机对照试验文献，共有2 095例患者，纳入文献质量等级均为B级。Meta分析结果显示，试验组患者心绞痛疗效(RR=3.89，95% CI：2.66~5.70，P＜0.001)、心电图疗效(RR=2.96，95% CI：1.93~4.55，P＜0.001)、中医证候疗效(RR=3.04，95% CI：2.12~4.36，P＜0.001)均优于对照组；治疗后试验组NO水平(RR=9.94，95% CI：5.69~14.19，P＜0.001)高于对照组，hs-CRP水平(RR=-4.70，95% CI：-5.27~-4.13，P＜0.001)低于对照组。 结论 穴位刺激能有效提高冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效，且不良事件发生较少，具有较好的安全性和有效性。 Abstract:Objective The treatment of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris with acupoint stimulation therapy based on routine treatment have been increasingly reported, but no systematic evaluation of acupoint stimulation on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris has been conducted. At present, the effectiveness and safety of acupoint stimulation therapy in the treatment of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris are evaluated on the basis of the meta method of evidence-based medicine. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Database, VIP and Wanfang Database. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of acupoint stimulation applied on patients with angina pectoris caused by coronary heart disease were collected in accordance with the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Chinese and English literatures published from the establishment of each database to March 31, 2021, were retrieved by combining subject headings and free terms. Two researchers independently screened out the literatures, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. RevMan 5.4 was used for data synthesis and meta-regression analysis. Results Finally, 25 RCTs with 2 095 patients were included, and the quality of the included literatures were all Grade B. Meta-analysis showed the efficacy of angina pectoris (RR=3.89, 95% CI: 2.66-5.70, P < 0.001), ECG efficacy (RR=2.96, 95% CI: 1.93-4.55, P < 0.001), TCM syndrome (RR=3.04, 95% CI: 2.12-4.36, P < 0.001), level of NO after treatment (RR=9.94, 95% CI: 5.69-14.19, P < 0.001) and hs-CRP level (RR=-4.70, 95% CI: -5.27 to -4.13, P < 0.001). Conclusion Acupoint stimulation can effectively improve the clinical efficacy of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, and the occurrence of adverse events is less, with better safety and effectiveness. -
Key words:
- Acupoint stimulation /
- Angina pectoris /
- Chest pain /
- Meta-analysis
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图 2 2组患者心绞痛疗效比较的森林图
Figure 2. Forest plot comparing the efficacy of angina pectoris in two groups
图 3 2组患者心电图疗效比较的森林图
Figure 3. Forest plot comparing the efficacy of electrocardiogram in two groups
图 4 2组患者中医证候疗效比较的森林图
Figure 4. Forest plot comparing the efficacy of Chinese medical evidence between two groups
图 6 2组患者hs-CRP水平比较的森林图
Figure 6. Forest plot comparing hs-CRP levels between two groups
表 1 纳入文献的基本特征
Table 1. Basic features of the included literature
作者及年份 冠心病心绞痛类型 样本量 性别(T/C, 例) 年龄(岁) 干预措施 疗程(周) 结局指标 T C 男 女 T C T C 黄春雨2017[4] 稳定型心绞痛 90 90 51/53 39/37 62.8±13.1 63.5±12.6 耳穴埋豆+穴位按摩+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 25 ①②③ 张秋英2018[5] 不稳定型心绞痛 30 30 16/17 14/13 59±6 62±8 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ①③ 宋婷婷2014[6] 稳定型心绞痛 30 30 18/16 12/14 45~68 46~69 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ①② 王晶2015[11] 心绞痛 60 60 33/31 27/29 55±6 53±7 针灸+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ①② 李智2019[12] 稳定型心绞痛 50 50 30/26 20/24 58.77±5.22 58.93±5.24 针刺+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 8 ①② 王忠良2018[13] 不稳定型心绞痛 40 40 21/23 19/17 63.20±13.50 61.70±12.30 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 8 ③、hs-CRP 王建明2017[14] 不稳定型心绞痛 58 57 27/29 31/29 63.40±7.33 65.42±7.17 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ③、hs-CRP 宋柏奇2017[15] 心绞痛 30 30 21 39 54.23±8.17 54.23±8.17 针灸+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 2 ③、hs-CRP 薛刚2018[16] 心绞痛 24 24 10/11 14/13 72.75±6.62 76.65±8.36 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ③、hs-CRP、④ 胡欣妍2018[17] 稳定型心绞痛 28 28 14/13 14/15 63.20±7.90 62.30±6.80 艾灸+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 3 NO 王磊2019[18] 心绞痛 42 42 25/27 17/15 62.40±8.11 61.84±8.50 针刺+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 8 NO 文平2018[19] 心绞痛 30 30 22/20 8/10 61.20±9.50 59.40±8.60 耳穴埋豆+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ①④ 蒋友琴2013[20] 不稳定型心绞痛 30 30 16/15 14/15 44~75 45~74 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 2 ①④ 李雪梅2016[21] 心绞痛 41 41 20/17 21/24 56.40±4.20 56.90±4.50 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 2 ① 陈洪2014[22] 心绞痛 50 50 27/26 23/24 48~64 47~65 耳穴埋豆+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ②④ 李颖2012[23] 心绞痛 35 35 17/18 18/17 62.29±7.79 64.03±8.04 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 2 ③④ 范亚妮2019[24] 心绞痛 60 60 28/25 32/35 63.61±3.64 62.97±3.55 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 ③ 张其宝2019[25] 稳定型心绞痛 40 40 20/12 20/28 54.40±8.60 54.30±8.60 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP 李祎楠2019[26] 心绞痛 51 45 22/19 29/26 73.16±23.17 71.69±24.03 针刺+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP、④ 姜会来2020[27] 稳定型心绞痛 48 48 30/28 18/20 58.45±3.79 57.52±4.38 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP 王秀玲2018[28] 心绞痛 40 40 27/25 13/15 56.20±3.70 55.30±4.00 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP 廖振裕2016[29] 心绞痛 21 21 11/11 10/10 65.20±5.80 65.70±6.40 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP 许延林2016[30] 不稳定型心绞痛 53 52 63 42 53.21±8.95 53.21±8.95 穴位注射+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP、④ 丁力2021[31] 心绞痛 41 40 24/24 17/16 62.59±5.73 62.80±6.03 针刺+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP、④ 王毅然2019[32] 稳定型心绞痛 30 30 13/15 17/15 59.03±8.87 60.37±6.21 穴位贴敷+西医常规治疗 西医常规治疗 4 hs-CRP 注：T为研究组, C为对照组; 结局指标：①为心绞痛疗效；②为心电图疗效；③为中医证候疗效；④为不良反应情况。 
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表 2 纳入研究的方法学质量评价
Table 2. Evaluation of the methodological quality included of the studies
作者及年份 随机序列产生 分配隐藏 盲法 结果数据完整性 选择性报告 其他偏倚 质量等级 黄春雨2017[4] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 低偏倚 B 张秋英2018[5] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 宋婷婷2014[6] 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 王晶2015[11] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 李智2019[12] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 王忠良2018[13] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 王建明2017[14] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 宋柏奇2017[15] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 薛刚2018[16] 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 B 胡欣妍2018[17] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 低偏倚 B 王磊2019[18] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 文平2018[19] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 蒋友琴2013[20] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 B 李雪梅2016[21] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 陈洪2014[22] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 低偏倚 B 李颖2012[23] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 范亚妮2019[24] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 B 张其宝2019[25] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 B 李祎楠2019[26] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 姜会来2020[27] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 低偏倚 B 王秀玲2018[28] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 B 廖振裕2016[29] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 许延林2016[30] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B 丁力2021[31] 低偏倚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 低偏倚 不清楚 B 王毅然2019[32] 不清楚 不清楚 不清楚 低偏倚 不清楚 低偏倚 B
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