中国成人自报结直肠癌患者生活方式研究

胡亚男; 王秋童; 何凤蝶; 王丹; 杨晓莹; 王丽敏; 王宝华

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002864

中国成人自报结直肠癌患者生活方式研究

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002864

胡亚男^{1, 2},
王秋童²,
何凤蝶²,
王丹^{1, 2},
杨晓莹²,
王丽敏³,
王宝华^2, ,

1.
中国医科大学公共卫生学院，辽宁沈阳 110122
2.
中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心重点慢病防控实验室，北京 100050
3.
中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2016YFC1302600

详细信息

通讯作者:
王宝华, E-mail: baohua2000@126.com

中图分类号: R735.3 R730.231
计量
- 文章访问数: 172
- HTML全文浏览量: 38
- PDF下载量: 9
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-20

Lifestyle study of Chinese adults with self-reported colorectal cancer

1.
Department of School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析中国成人结直肠癌患者生活方式，为结直肠癌防控提供依据。方法数据来源于2015年中国慢性病和危险因素监测，在31个省级行政区的298个县(区)中进行多阶段整群随机抽样和现场调查数据库。本研究通过SAS统计学软件进行数据处理、描述和分析，采用描述性分析、χ²检验、多因素非条件logistic回归模型进行统计分析，P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共获得108 665份癌症自报有效问卷，其中自报结直肠癌患者118例，男性65例，女性53例，自报率分别为128.45/10万和91.28/10万。45岁及以上、城市、无配偶等人群中结直肠癌自报率较高(均P < 0.05)。调整性别、年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、家庭年收入等混杂因素后，多因素logistic分析结果显示，蔬菜摄入充足(OR=0.758, 95% CI: 0.748~0.767)、水果摄入充足(OR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.388~0.395)是结直肠癌患病的保护因素(均P＜0.05)；吸烟(OR=3.707, 95% CI: 3.672~3.742)、饮酒(OR=1.198, 95% CI: 1.189~1.206)是结直肠癌患病的危险因素(均P＜0.05)。结论蔬菜、水果摄入是结直肠癌患病的保护因素，吸烟、饮酒是结直肠癌患病的危险因素，建议居民健康饮食，保证蔬菜、水果的充足摄入，改变吸烟、饮酒等不良生活习惯，以降低结直肠癌的患病风险。
- 结直肠癌 /
- 蔬菜摄入 /
- 水果摄入 /
- 吸烟 /
- 饮酒 /
- 横断面研究
Abstract: Objective To analyse the lifestyle of Chinese adult colorectal cancer patients, thereby providing the basis for colorectal cancer prevention and control. Methods The data were obtained from the database of multi-stage cluster random sampling and field survey conducted in 298 counties (districts) of 31 provincial administrative regions under the monitoring of chronic diseases and risk factors in China in 2015. This study used SAS statistical software to clean up, describe and analyse the data and adopted the descriptive analysis χ² test and multivariate unconditional logistic regression statistical methods. Results A total of 108 665 valid self-reported cancer questionnaires were obtained, including 118 patients with self-reported colorectal cancer, 65 males and 53 females. The prevalence rates were 128.45/100 000 and 91.28/100 000. The prevalence of colorectal cancer was higher amongst over 45 years old, cities, mateless (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, education level, marital status and annual family income, the results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that adequate intake of veges (OR=0.758, 95% CI: 0.748-0.767) and fruits (OR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.388-0.395) were the protective factors of colorectal cancer (all P < 0.05). By contrast, smoking (OR=3.707, 95% CI: 3.672-3.742) and drinking (OR=1.198, 95% CI: 1.189-1.206) were the risk factors of colorectal cancer (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The intake of vegetables and fruits is a protective factor for colorectal cancer. Smoking and drinking are risk factors for colorectal cancer. It is recommended that residents eat healthy food, ensure adequate intake of vegetables and fruits, and change bad habits such as smoking and drinking to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
- Colorectal cancer /
- Vegetable intake /
- Fruit intake /
- Smoking /
- Drink /
- Cross-sectional study

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表 1 中国成人自报结直肠癌患者情况不同特征分析

Table 1. Analysis of different characteristics of self-reported colorectal cancer patients in Chinese adults

项目	调查人数	结直肠癌自报人数	自报率(%/10万)	χ²值	P值
性别				3.443	0.635
男性	50 604	65	128.45
女性	58 061	53	91.28
年龄(岁)				59.631	＜0.001
18~34	16 516	3	18.16
35~44	17 482	5	28.60
45~54	27 868	23	82.53
55~64	25 709	38	147.81
65~74	15 604	34	218.93
≥75	5 486	15	273.43
地区				1.956	0.376
东部	39 983	49	122.55
中部	30 970	35	113.01
西部	37 712	34	90.16
城乡				6.696	0.010
城市	44 378	62	139.71
乡村	64 287	56	87.11
民族				3.676	0.055
汉族	98 480	113	114.74
其他	10 185	5	49.09
医疗保险				0.525	0.776
有	105 630	116	109.82
无	3 035	2	65.90
文化程度				0.660	0.881
文盲	16 317	15	91.93
初等教育	36 845	42	113.99
中等教育	47 322	51	107.77
高等教育	8 181	10	122.23
婚姻状况				6.176	0.013
已婚	97 724	98	100.28
无配偶^a	10 941	20	182.80
职业				106.026	＜0.001
就业	68 538	43	62.74
退休	20 622	31	150.32
其他	19 505	44	225.58
家庭年收入(元)				5.729	0.057
＜10 000	61 843	80	129.36
10 000~＜50 000	33 842	27	79.78
≥50 000	12 980	11	84.75
注：^a无配偶指未婚/丧偶/离婚/分居。

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表 2 各变量赋值方法

Table 2. Variables assignment method

变量	赋值方法
结直肠癌	患病=1, 未患病=0
吸烟	是=1, 否=0
饮酒	是=1, 否=0
蔬菜摄入	不足=1, 充足=0
水果摄入	不足=1, 充足=0
红肉摄入	过量=1, 正常=0

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表 3 中国成人自报结直肠癌影响因素的单因素logistic回归分析

Table 3. Univariate logistic regression analysis of factors affecting self-reported colorectal cancer in Chinese adults

变量	B	SE	Wald χ²	P值	OR(95% CI)
蔬菜摄入充足	-0.073	0.003	129.043	＜0.001	0.930(0.918~0.942)
水果摄入充足	-0.644	0.002	20 312.682	＜0.001	0.525(0.520~0.529)
吸烟	0.914	0.002	40 227.637	＜0.001	2.494(2.472~2.517)
饮酒	0.286	0.002	7 892.851	＜0.001	1.331(1.322~1.329)
红肉摄入过量	0.596	0.002	33 391.932	＜0.001	1.814(1.803~1.826)

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表 4 中国成人自报结直肠癌影响因素的多因素logistic回归分析

Table 4. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors affecting self-reported colorectal cancer in Chinese adults

变量	B	SE	Wald χ²	P值	OR(95% CI)
蔬菜摄入充足	-0.277	0.003	1 813.703	0.007	0.758(0.748~0.767)
水果摄入充足	-0.939	0.002	41 085.920	＜0.001	0.391(0.388~0.395)
吸烟	1.310	0.002	73 203.477	0.002	3.707(3.672~3.742)
饮酒	0.181	0.002	2 671.080	0.041	1.198(1.189~1.206)
红肉摄入过量	0.497	0.140	1.770	0.077	1.644(0.947~2.853)
注：多因素分析调整了性别、年龄、婚姻状况、职业等个人基本特征混杂因素。

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