集束化喂养干预模式在极低/超低出生体重儿中的应用效果及对生长发育的影响

朱文娟; 王晓辉; 郭利平; 韦红青; 唐小英

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002816

集束化喂养干预模式在极低/超低出生体重儿中的应用效果及对生长发育的影响

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002816

广西壮族自治区南溪山医院新生儿科, 广西桂林 541002

基金项目:

广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题 Z20200072

详细信息

通讯作者:
朱文娟，E-mail：2775853718@qq.com

中图分类号: R722
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-07

Effect of cluster feeding intervention mode on growth and development of infants with very low/ultra-low birth weight

Department of Neonatology, Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, Guangxi 541002, China

摘要

摘要: 目的将集束化喂养干预模式应用于极低/超低出生体重儿，旨在探讨其应用效果及对生长发育的影响，为临床提供参考依据。方法选择2019年10月—2020年10月广西壮族自治区南溪山医院产科出生、外院接诊的极低/超低出生体重儿105例，采用随机数表法分为观察组(55例)和对照组(50例)，对照组给予常规干预模式，观察组联合集束化喂养干预模式。比较2组母乳、配方奶喂养情况、喂养不耐受、并发症发生率及生长发育的变化。结果观察组纯母乳喂养率为52.73%，高于对照组的32.00%，纯配方奶喂养率为21.82%，低于对照组的40.00%；观察组喂养不耐受、坏死性小肠结肠炎、感染、低血糖、贫血发生率分别为9.09%、3.64%、3.64%、1.82%、3.64%，均低于对照组的24.00%、16.00%、16.00%、12.00%、16.00%，差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)；干预后观察组体重、身高、头围分别为(2 581.12±273.03)g、(47.22±2.78)cm、(32.37±2.05)cm，均大于对照组的(2 217.34±240.71)g、(42.01±2.50)cm、(31.40±2.10)cm，差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。结论集束化喂养干预模式在极低/超低出生体重儿中的应用效果明显，可提高母乳喂养率，降低喂养不耐受、并发症发生率，促进新生儿生长发育。
- 极低/超低出生体重儿 /
- 集束化喂养干预模式 /
- 喂养不耐受 /
- 并发症 /
- 生长发育
Abstract: Objective The cluster feeding interventions mode for infants with very low/ultra-low birth weight was explored to investigate the effect of its application on growth and development and to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods A total of 105 infants with very low/ultra-low birth weight who were born in the Obstetrics Department of Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and external hospital admission from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected. They were divided into the observation group (55 cases) and the control group (50 cases) by using the random number table. The control group was given routine intervention mode, whereas the observation group was given cluster feeding intervention mode. Breast feeding, formula feeding, feeding intolerance, incidence of complications and changes in growth and development were compared between the two groups. Results The rate of pure breast-feeding in the observation group was 52.73%, which was higher than that in the control group (32.00%). The rate of pure formula feeding was 21.82%, which was lower than that in the control group (40.00%). In addition, the incidence rate of feeding intolerance, necrotising enterocolitis, infection, hypoglycaemia and anaemia in the observation group were 9.09%, 3.64%, 3.64%, 1.82% and 3.64%, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (24.00%, 16.00%, 16.00%, 12.00% and 16.00%, respectively), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The weight, height and head circumference of the observation group were (2 581.12±273.03) g, (47.22±2.78) cm and (32.37±2.05) cm, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (2 217.34±240.71) g, (42.01±2.50) cm and (31.40±2.10) cm, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The cluster feeding intervention model has a significant effect on infants with very low/ultra-low birth weight, which can improve the breastfeeding rate, reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and complications and promote the growth and development of newborns.
- Very low/ultra-low birth weight infants /
- Cluster feeding intervention mode /
- Feeding intolerance /
- Complications /
- Growth and development

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表 1 2组新生儿一般资料比较

Table 1. Comparison of general data between the two groups

组别	例数	性别(男/女，例)	胎龄(x±s，周)	生产方式[例(%)]		出生体重[例(%)]		体重(x±s，g)
组别	例数	性别(男/女，例)	胎龄(x±s，周)	顺产	剖宫产	极低出生体重儿	超低出生体重儿	体重(x±s，g)
观察组	55	29/26	33.18±1.59	20(36.36)	35(63.64)	36(65.45)	19(34.55)	1 273.34±170.22
对照组	50	28/22	33.07±1.68	17(34.00)	33(66.00)	37(74.00)	13(26.00)	1 268.13±181.30
统计量		0.113^a	0.345^b	0.064^a		0.903^a		0.152^b
P值		0.737	0.731	0.800		0.342		0.880
注：^a为χ²值，^b为t值。

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表 2 2组新生儿母乳、配方奶喂养情况比较[例(%)]

Table 2. Comparison of breastfeeding and formula feeding between the two groups[cases (%)]

组别	例数	纯母乳喂养	纯配方奶喂养	母乳+配方奶喂养
观察组	55	29(52.73)	12(21.82)	14(25.45)
对照组	50	16(32.00)	20(40.00)	14(28.00)
χ²值			5.530
P值			0.063

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表 3 2组新生儿喂养不耐受、并发症比较[例(%)]

Table 3. Comparison of neonatal feeding intolerance and complications between the two groups[cases (%)]

组别	例数	喂养不耐受	坏死性小肠结肠炎	感染	低血糖	贫血
观察组	55	5(9.09)	2(3.64)	2(3.64)	1(1.82)	2(3.64)
对照组	50	12(24.00)	8(16.00)	8(16.00)	6(12.00)	8(16.00)
χ²值		4.290	4.646	4.646	4.364	4.646
P值		0.038	0.031	0.031	0.037	0.031

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表 4 2组新生儿生长发育情况比较(x ±s)

Table 4. Comparison of neonatal growth and development between the two groups(x ±s)

组别	例数	体重(g)		身高(cm)		头围(cm)
组别	例数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
观察组	55	1 273.34±170.22	2 581.12±273.03^a	39.73±4.74	47.22±2.78^a	26.04±2.31	32.37±2.05^a
对照组	50	1 268.13±181.30	2 217.34±240.71^a	39.80±4.61	42.01±2.50^a	26.09±2.24	31.40±2.10^a
t值		0.152	7.211	0.077	10.060	0.112	2.394
P值		0.880	<0.001	0.939	0.000	0.911	0.018
注：与同组干预前比较，^aP＜0.05。

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