职业韧性在工作负荷与护士情绪衰竭间的调节作用

汤小丽; 陈利敏; 董芬; 徐金亮

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002480

职业韧性在工作负荷与护士情绪衰竭间的调节作用

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002480

1.
绍兴市妇幼保健院护理部，浙江绍兴 312000
2.
绍兴市妇幼保健院儿科，浙江绍兴 312000

基金项目:

浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目 2020KY986

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐金亮，E-mail：xjlfb@163.com

中图分类号: R395 R192
计量
- 文章访问数: 348
- HTML全文浏览量: 241
- PDF下载量: 8
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-05

The moderating role of career resilience on the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion

1.
Nursing Department, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Centre, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的近年来，职业韧性作为核心素质，在职业领域日益受到重视。本研究调查当前护士工作负荷与情绪衰竭现状，分析职业韧性在工作负荷与情绪衰竭间的调节作用，为提升护士职业韧性以降低其情绪衰竭做参考。方法采用便利抽样法，于2020年8—10月选取浙江省10所公立医院466名护士为研究对象。采用工作负荷量表、职业韧性量表和情绪衰竭量表进行测量。采用SPSS 20.0和Amos 13.0统计学软件进行数据分析。结果护士工作负荷得分为(3.73±0.52)分，职业韧性得分为(3.44±0.76)分，情绪衰竭得分为(3.60±0.49)分。不同性别、工作年限、职称的护士，其工作负荷和情绪衰竭得分差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.01)。相关分析显示，工作负荷与职业韧性呈负相关关系(r=-0.362, P < 0.001)，与情绪衰竭呈正相关相关(r=0.476, P < 0.001)；职业韧性与情绪衰竭呈负相关关系(r=-0.306, P < 0.001)。多元回归分析和简单斜率分析显示，职业韧性在工作负荷与情绪衰竭间具有调节作用。结论工作负荷是影响护士工作情绪衰竭的重要因素，提高护士职业韧性可以缓解工作负荷对情绪衰竭的正向作用。
- 护士 /
- 工作负荷 /
- 职业韧性 /
- 情绪衰竭
Abstract: Objective Career resilience is an increasingly important but under-researched aspect of modern careers, especially amongst nurses. To improve nurses' career resilience and relieve emotional exhaustion, this study aimed to investigate the current situation of workload and emotional exhaustion and explore whether career resilience moderates the effect of workload on emotional exhaustion. Methods Using convenience sampling methods, 466 nurses enrolled in ten public hospitals in Zhejiang Province were selected as subjects from August to October in 2020. They were investigated by workload scale, career resilience scale and work emotional exhaustion scale. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 13.0. Results The scores of workload, career resilience and emotional exhaustion of nurses were (3.73±0.52) points, (3.44±0.76) points and (3.60±0.49) points, respectively. The scores of workload and work emotional exhaustion were statistically significant for gender, working years and positional titles. Correlation analyses showed that workload was negatively associated with career resilience (r=-0.362, P < 0.001) but positively associated with emotional exhaustion (r=0.476, P < 0.001). Career resilience was negatively related to emotional exhaustion (r=-0.306, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis and sample slope analysis showed that career resilience moderated the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion. Conclusion Workload is an important factor affecting nurses' emotional exhaustion. High career resilience can relieve the positive effect of workload on emotional exhaustion.
- Nurse /
- Workload /
- Career resilience /
- Emotional exhaustion

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表 1 不同人口学特征护士工作负荷和情绪衰竭得分比较(x±s，分)

Table 1. Comparison of workload and emotional exhaustion scores of nurses with different demographic characteristics (x±s, scores)

项目		人数	工作负荷	统计量	P值	情绪衰竭	统计量	P值
性别	男性	45	3.91±0.52	2.736^a	0.006	3.41±0.56	-2.646^a	0.008
	女性	421	3.71±0.46			3.62±0.50
婚姻状况	已婚	318	3.73±0.41	-0.232^a	0.817	3.63±0.49	1.822^a	0.069
	未婚	148	3.74±0.48			3.54±0.51
工作年限	0~5年	125	3.78±0.71	13.513^b	< 0.001	3.29±0.57	16.616^b	< 0.001
	6~10年	143	3.96±0.70			3.57±0.55
	11~15年	84	3.79±0.63			3.73±0.50
	16~20年	64	3.45±0.89			3.86±0.63
	≥21年	50	3.22±0.41			3.92±0.79
学历	大专	79	3.75±0.86	0.470^a	0.639	3.59±0.63	-0.304^a	0.761
	本科	387	3.71±0.65			3.61±0.51
职称	初级	186	3.84±0.65	5.655^b	0.004	3.51±0.57	5.393^b	0.005
	中级	219	3.71±0.64			3.66±0.46
	高级	61	3.52±0.79			3.71±0.62
注：^a为t值，^b为F值。

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表 2 工作负荷、职业韧性与情绪衰竭的相关分析(r值)

Table 2. Work load, toughness and emotional exhaustion of correlation analysis (r value)

项目	工作负荷	自信	工作自主性	自我依赖	职业韧性	情绪衰竭
工作负荷	1.000
自信	-0.208^a	1.000
工作自主性	-0.391^a	0.561^a	1.000
自我依赖	-0.218^a	0.436^a	0.401^a	1.000
职业韧性	-0.362^a	0.608^a	0.628^a	0.584^a	1.000
情绪衰竭	0.476^a	-0.192^a	-0.172^a	-0.302^a	-0.306^a	1.000
注：^aP < 0.01。

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表 3 职业韧性在工作负荷与情绪衰竭间调节效应

Table 3. The moderating effect of occupational resilience on the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion

步骤	类别	β	SE	β^'	t值	P值
第1步	工作年限	0.462	0.166	0.192	2.891	0.046
	职称	0.371	0.162	0.144	2.318	0.021
第2步	工作负荷	0.758	0.245	0.531^a	16.153	＜0.001
	职业韧性	-0.560	0.174	-0.310^a	5.795	0.001
第3步	工作负荷×职业韧性	-0.140	0.083	-0.110^a	1.983	0.050
注：自变量赋值如下，工作负荷和职业韧性，工作负荷与职业韧性的乘积以实际值赋值；工作年限，0~5年=1，6~10年=2，11~15年=3，16~20年=4，≥21年=5；职称，初级=1，中级=2，高级=3。

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