Abstract: Objective To study the clinical observation and nursing effect of recombinant human interferon α-2b injection in the treatment of bronchitis capillarity by atomization inhalation. Methods We selected 120 cases of children with bronchitis in the First Hospital of Bengbu Medical College and grouped them by random numerical tables. The control group (n=60) was treated with inhalation budesonide suspension + 0.9% sodium chloride 1 mL. The observation group (n=60) was treated with inhalation budesonide suspension combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b atomization inhalation. The two groups of treatment effect, adverse reactions, analysis of two groups of clinical symptom improvement time and hospitalization time were compared. Results The total efficiency of the observation group was higher than that of the control group by 91.7% to 73.8%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of wheezing was (4.82±0.93) days, the disappearance time of coughing was (2.85±0.76) days, the disappearance time of pulmonary rales was (6.12±0.96) days, and the length of hospitalization was (7.65±1.36) days in the observation group. In the control group, the disappearance time of wheezing was (5.37±0.12) days, the disappearance time of coughing was (3.42±1.14) days, the disappearance time of lung rashes was (6.73±1.13) days, and the length of hospitalization was (8.43±1.5) days, all of which were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of recombinant human interferon α-2b atomization inhalation for children with bronchitis can effectively improve symptoms, reduce hospitalization time, and have fewer adverse reactions and safety.