Abstract: Objective To observe effect of different delivery methods on pelvic organ prolapse in early postpartum period and the correlation between obstetric delivery factors and early pelvic organ prolapse. Methods A total of 489 pregnant women who gave birth in our hospital from January to December in 2017 were selected as subjects. According to the different delivery methods, 245 women were divided into vaginal delivery group and 244 cases in cesarean section. The χ² test was used to analyze different delivery methods. The effect of pelvic organ prolapse in early maternal gynecology, and the use of χ² test, logistic regression analysis of obstetric delivery factors (common birth factors include age, BMI, parity, pregnancy, neonatal gender, weight gain during pregnancy, gestational weeks of delivery, fetal weight, and the early maternal pelvic organ prolapse, etc.). Results There were 79 cases of early pelvic organ prolapse in 489 cases, the incidence rate was 16.16%, the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse in vaginal delivery was 22.86%, which was higher than 9.43% of cesarean section. According to the χ² test, the number of vaginal prolapse, vaginal posterior wall prolapse, and uterine prolapse in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher than that in the cesarean section (P<0.05). Test and logistic regression analysis showed that age, neonatal gender, and increased body weight during pregnancy had no effect on pelvic organ prolapse in early postpartum period, BMI≥24 kg/m², birth>2, number of pregnancies>2, gestational weeks ≥37 weeks, fetal weight≥4 kg are among risk factors affecting pelvic organ prolapse in the early postpartum period. Conclusion Different modes of delivery, maternal BMI, parity, pregnancy, gestational weeks and fetal weight have a greater impact on the incidence of postpartum pelvic organ prolapse. In clinical practice, it is recommended that women pay attention to BMI, parity, and pregnancy. Second, delivery gestational age and fetal weight, without excessive intake of nutrition during pregnancy to cause oversized fetus, in order to reduce the probability of pelvic organ prolapse after maternal postpartum.