Abstract: Objective To explore the orientation of general medicine department under the close medical association. Methods Through the comparative analysis of the development of general practice in China and the actual operation of general practice in five district hospitals in Shenzhen, the author explored the construction of general practice in organizational structure, functional orientation and discipline development under the mode of close medical association. Results The development of general medical science in China mainly depends on subject alliance, and the relationship between clinical base and practice base is established by teacher output and training. Under the model of close medical association, the development of general practice can be strongly promoted by administrative means, which is conducive to hierarchical medical treatment. In 2016, the person-times of basic medical services provided by community health institutions in Shenzhen accounted for 42.66% of the total outpatient and emergency treatment of public medical institutions in the city. A total of 8.63 million people, accounting for 70% percent of the total number of people in the city, participated in medical insurance for the first time in their communities. In terms of organizational structure, general medicine department of Shenzhen district hospitals mostly adopt the dual management mode, namely, they are managed by functional departments such as medical department in business and community health management center in administration. In terms of functional orientation, the discipline of general practice attaches importance to the teaching of general practitioners, and focuses on the cultivation of general practitioners, so as to provide qualified general practitioners at the primary medical institutions. General outpatient department is the main teaching place for general practice doctors. General inpatient department is suitable for patients with multiple diseases, undifferentiated diseases and teaching, which is conducive to the systematic learning for general practice doctors. Conclusion The model of close medical association is conducive to the advancement of hierarchical medical treatment. Under this model, the organizational structure of general practice can adopt dual management. Its function is positioned as general practitioners teaching, and its discipline development direction is to care for patients with multiple diseases.