Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical effect of dietary nursing interventions and health education in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with ketoacidosis. Methods Total 76 DM patients with ketoacidosis in Enze Medical Center (Group) Luqiao Hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected as subjects, and randomly divided into two groups according to random number, 38 cases in each group. Patients in control group were given routine nursing, and patients in the research group were enrolled individualized dietary intervention management and health education. The treatment status (24 h maximum blood sugar level, blood glucose control time, ketone body negative time, hospitalization time), health knowledge level (pathogenesis, prevention and treatment methods, diet, exercise), healthy diet compliance, and satisfaction of two groups were compared. Results The 24 h maximum blood sugar level, blood glucose control time, ketone body negative time, hospitalization time of research group were significantly lower than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After interventions, the health knowledge level (pathogenesis, prevention and treatment methods, diet, exercise) and healthy diet compliance of two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05), and health knowledge level (pathogenesis, prevention and treatment methods, diet, exercise) and healthy diet compliance of research group were significantly higher than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The satisfaction of research group was significantly higher than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The dietary nursing interventions and health education had an obvious effect in DM patients with ketoacidosis can shorten the illness improvement time, and improve health knowledge, compliance and satisfaction.