Abstract: Objective To evaluate and reduce the risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after gynecological surgery, G-Caprini (gynecological caprini) risk classification was used to select preventive measures, and to investigate the effects of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on DVT prevention in patients with medium-high risk. Methods This case control study consisted of ninety-two postoperative patients with medium-high risk of DVT with rating scale of G-Caprini (G-Caprini score is greater than 1), ICP or/and LMVH were used to prevent postoperative DVT. D-dimer detection was performed on day 2 and day 5 in all patients, ultrasound examination of vascular compression of lower extremity was performed on the fifth day after surgery.The incidence of DVT after operation was calculated for the two groups. Results There were 2 cases of DVT in the observation group (IPC+LMWH) and the incidence was 4.00%. However,in the control group (IPC), there were 7 cases of deep venous thrombosis, and the incidence rate was 16.67%. The incidence of DVT in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The d-polymer was significantly lower than the control group for the 5th day after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Low molecular heparin (IPC+LMWH) can reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis after gynecological peration. D-dimer can monitor DVT fluctuation dynamically.