Abstract: Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopy in pregnancy with ovarian cysts by comparison of the clinical data obtained from laparoscopic and transabdominal surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of 59 cases of ovarian cysts in pregnancy was treated in gynecology and obstetrics department of Anhui Provincial Hospital from February, 2015 to February, 2018, including 36 cases of laparoscopic surgery group and 23 cases of open surgery group with 9 cases of early pregnancy, 49 cases of mid pregnancy and 1 case of late pregnancy. Insufficient data in early pregnancy and late pregnancy made statistical analysis impossible to be carried out. Thus, clinical data was analyzed in the cases of middle pregnancy, including age, gestational weeks, cyst diameters, operation time, bleeding in operation, postoperative ventilation time, and average length of stay and abortion rate. The measurement data were expressed by x±s, and t test was used. Results All 59 patients successfully completed the operation, and all patients were discharged on schedule, without postoperative complications. And 36 cases of laparoscopic surgery were without conversion to open surgery. In the middle pregnancy group, the age of patients in laparoscopic surgery group was (26.2±3.4) years of age, gestational age (16.8±2.6) weeks, and cyst diameter (7.9±2.5) cm. The operative time of laparoscopic surgery group was (62.08±20.70) min, intraoperative bleeding (20.24±13.42) ml, postoperative ventilation time (21.78±8.45) h, and the average hospitalization stay was (6.48±1.77) days. The age of patients in abdominal operation group was (26.1±4.1) years of age, gestational age (17.2±3.2)weeks, and cyst diameter (8.2±3.1) cm. The operative time of abdominal operation group was (94.61±16.62) min, intraoperative bleeding (27.16±23.53) ml, postoperative ventilation time (40.79±10.53) h, and average hospitalization stay (8.55±1.97) days. There was no significant difference in age, gestational age and cyst diameter between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups in the operation time, the postoperative ventilation time and the average hospitalization days (P<0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy with ovarian cysts has the characteristics of quick recovery and short hospitalization. It is feasible and can be used clinically. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of anesthesia. And it is essential to strengthen the postoperative nursing and tocolytic therapy.