慢性心衰患者实施心脏康复的临床效果观察

常艳; 马伟涛; 王琳; 石增刚

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004415

慢性心衰患者实施心脏康复的临床效果观察

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004415

蚌埠市第三人民医院心内二科，安徽蚌埠 233000

基金项目:

蚌埠市科技创新项目 20220119

安徽省科研计划重点项目 2024AH051280

详细信息

通讯作者:
常艳，E-mail：260960036@163.com

中图分类号: R541.6 R493
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- 文章访问数: 20
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- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-26
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-02

Observation of the clinical effect of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with chronic heart failure

Department of Cardiology, the Third People's Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨慢性心衰患者实施心脏康复对心肺功能、自我管理能力及生活质量的影响。方法选择2022年3月—2024年3月蚌埠市第三人民医院收治的99例慢性心力衰竭患者，使用随机数表法分为研究组(49例)与对照组(50例)。对照组实施常规护理模式，研究组实施心脏康复护理模式。观察2组干预前后心肺功能指标，自我护理能力及生活质量，及3个月心力衰竭再发生率、心脏不良事件发生率。结果干预后，2组心肺功能指标均明显改善，研究组6分钟步行距离、VO_2max、氧脉搏、最大运动时间均高于对照组(P＜0.05)。研究组自我护理评分为(189.93±19.97)分，高于对照组[(155.72±22.05)分，P＜0.05]；研究组生活质量评分为(41.38±5.79)分，低于对照组[(49.17±5.95)分, P＜0.05]。出院3个月后，研究组慢性心力衰竭再发生率、心脏不良事件发生率均低于对照组(P＜0.05)，慢性心力衰竭发作间隔时间长于对照组(t=27.675, P＜0.001)。结论对慢性心衰患者实施心脏康复护理模式可显著改善患者的心肺功能，提高自我护理能力和生活质量，改善预后，具有重要的临床应用价值。
- 心脏康复 /
- 慢性心力衰竭 /
- 心肺功能 /
- 自我护理能力 /
- 生活质量
Abstract: Objective Exploring the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function, self-management ability, and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods 99 patients with chronic heart failure admitted to Bengbu Third People's Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (50 cases) received routine nursing care, while the study group (49 cases) received cardiac rehabilitation nursing care. Observe the cardiopulmonary function indicators, self-care ability, and quality of life before and after intervention in two groups, as well as the 3-month recurrence rate of heart failure and adverse cardiac events. Results After intervention, both groups showed significant improvement in cardiac and pulmonary function indicators, and the study group had a 6-minute walking distance, VO_2max, oxygen pulse, and maximum exercise time improvement, all of which were higher than the control group (P < 0.05); The self-care score of the research group was (189.93±19.97) points, which was higher than that of the control group [(155.72±22.05) points, P < 0.05]; The quality of life score of the research group was (41.38±5.79) points, lower than that of the control group [(49.17±5.95)points, P < 0.05]; After 3 months of discharge, the recurrence rate of chronic heart failure and the incidence of adverse cardiac events (MACE) in the study group, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The interval between episodes of chronic heart failure was longer than that in the control group (t=27.675, P < 0.001). Conclusion The implementation of cardiac rehabilitation nursing mode for patients with chronic heart failure can significantly improve their cardiopulmonary function, enhance their self-care ability and quality of life, improve prognosis, and has important clinical application value.
- Cardiac rehabilitation /
- Chronic heart failure /
- Cardiopulmonary function /
- Self care ability /
- Quality of life

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表 1 2组慢性心力衰竭患者一般资料比较

Table 1. Comparison of general data between the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure

组别	例数	性别(例)		年龄(x±s，岁)	病程(x±s，年)	BMI(x±s)	病史(例)
组别	例数	男性	女性	年龄(x±s，岁)	病程(x±s，年)	BMI(x±s)	高血压史	糖尿病史	血脂异常史	吸烟史
对照组	50	29	21	71.94±12.88	8.63±1.36	22.25±2.01	15	12	10	13
研究组	49	27	22	69.33±12.83	8.38±1.27	22.31±2.08	14	13	11	11
统计量		0.085^a		0.908^b	0.850^b	0.146^b	0.279^a
P值		0.771		0.367	0.398	0.884	0.964
注：^a为χ²值，^b为t值。

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表 2 2组慢性心力衰竭患者干预前后心肺功能比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of cardiopulmonary function between the two groups before and after intervention (x±s)

组别	例数	6分钟步行距离		VO_2max[mL/(min·kg)]		氧脉搏(mL/次)		无氧阈[mL/(min·kg)]		最大运动时间(min)
组别	例数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
对照组	50	279.83±25.53	342.28±28.13	27.18±3.95	31.94±3.17	9.44±1.02	12.03±1.05	12.94±1.35	17.82±1.45	9.04±0.92	14.82±2.15
研究组	49	282.44±27.01	385.57±29.02	27.05±4.01	36.77±3.52	9.51±0.98	14.83±1.12	13.04±1.52	18.33±1.39	8.96±0.89	18.92±2.07
统计量		0.306^a	5.632^b	0.162^a	6.820^b	0.348^a	10.173^b	0.346^a	1.541^b	0.440^a	8.675^b
P值		0.761	< 0.001	0.871	< 0.001	0.729	< 0.001	0.730	0.083	0.661	< 0.001
注：^a为t值，^b为F值。

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表 3 2组慢性心力衰竭患者干预前后自我护理能力比较(x±s，分)

Table 3. Comparison of self-care ability between the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure before and after intervention (x±s, points)

组别	例数	自我护理维持		自我护理管理		自我护理信心		总分
组别	例数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
对照组	50	45.82±7.85	51.93±8.01	43.26±8.02	50.17±8.42	47.11±9.82	53.38±7.96	136.02±19.25	155.72±22.05
研究组	49	46.02±7.79	62.02±8.47	43.68±7.95	65.02±8.33	47.04±9.39	62.88±8.42	136.72±20.04	189.93±19.97
统计量		0.127^a	5.762^b	0.262^a	7.682^b	0.036^a	4.623^b	0.177^a	6.924^b
P值		0.899	< 0.001	0.794	< 0.001	0.971	< 0.001	0.860	< 0.001
注：^a为t值，^b为F值。

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表 4 2组慢性心力衰竭患者干预前后生活质量比较(x±s，分)

Table 4. Comparison of quality of life between the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure before and after intervention (x±s, points)

组别	例数	身体领域		情绪领域		其他领域		总分
组别	例数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
对照组	50	23.53±2.07	20.36±2.31	12.77±2.03	10.83±1.84	20.46±2.73	18.02±2.15	56.72±6.81	49.17±5.95
研究组	49	24.01±2.28	17.94±2.17	12.63±2.13	8.05±1.16	20.81±2.59	15.47±2.06	56.90±6.49	41.38±5.79
统计量		1.097^a	4.832^b	0.335^a	7.276^b	0.654^a	5.861^b	0.135^a	5.547^b
P值		0.275	< 0.001	0.739	< 0.001	0.515	< 0.001	0.893	< 0.001
注：^a为t值，^b为F值。

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表 5 2组慢性心力衰竭患者预后比较

Table 5. Comparison of prognosis between the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure

组别	例数	慢性心力衰竭再发生[例(%)]	心脏不良事件发生率[例(%)]	慢性心力衰竭发作间隔时间(x±s，d)
对照组	50	16(32.00)	7(14.00)	45.27±5.13
研究组	49	4(8.16)	0	82.41±7.95
统计量		8.722^a	5.405^a	27.675^b
P值		0.003	0.020	< 0.001
注：^a为χ²值，^b为t值。

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