综合护理策略对老年患者经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的效果分析

常荣; 常蔓; 杨金玉; 常文举

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004314

综合护理策略对老年患者经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的效果分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004314

常荣^1, ,,
常蔓¹,
杨金玉²,
常文举²

1.
蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院手术室, 安徽蚌埠 233004
2.
蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院骨科

基金项目:

安徽省教育厅自然科学重点项目 2023AH051987

详细信息

通讯作者:
常荣，E-mail：727271057@qq.com

中图分类号: R473.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2026-03-13

Analysis of comprehensive nursing care in the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures in the elderly with percutaneous vertebroplasty

1.
Department of Operation Room, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探索和分析老年患者因胸腰椎压缩性骨折接受微创经皮椎体成形手术治疗的综合性护理效果。方法选取2023年1—9月蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院骨科诊断为老年胸腰椎压缩性骨折的60例患者，所有患者均接受经皮椎体成形手术。采用随机数序列将患者分为观察组(30例)和对照组(30例)。对照组患者接受传统的护理措施，观察组患者接受综合性护理干预。详细记录2组患者的基本信息，分析比较2组患者手术时长、住院时长、心率、平均动脉压、视觉模拟评分(VAS)、患者满意度及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者术中的心率、呼吸频率、平均动脉压低于对照组[(81.51±10.78)次/min vs. (95.78±15.15)次/min；(16.87±2.55)次/min vs. (21.51±1.69)次/min；(88.67±12.67)mmHg vs. (98.04±12.01)mmHg，1 mmHg=0.133 kPa]，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。术后观察组VAS评分、手术时间、住院时间均低于对照组[(1.68±0.70)分vs.(2.01±0.52)分；(56.17±10.51)min vs.(62.26±9.14)min；(3.81±0.71)d vs.(4.30±1.11)d]，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论综合护理策略能有效减轻老年胸腰椎骨折患者经皮椎体成形术中的应激反应，缩短手术时间，缓解术后疼痛，降低住院时长，一定程度上提高患者满意度。
- 胸腰椎压缩性骨折 /
- 骨质疏松 /
- 经皮穿刺椎体成形术 /
- 综合护理
Abstract: Objective To explore and analyze the effects of comprehensive nursing care in the treatment of elderly individuals undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Methods This study enrolled 60 patients diagnosed with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures at the Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University between January 2023 and September 2023. All of the patients underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty. Random number sequences was used to assign patients to two study groups: an observation group (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases). Conventional nursing care was delivered to the control group, while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention measures. A detailed baseline information of both groups was recorded, and a comparative analysis was conducted on key metrics including operative duration, length of hospital stay, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores, patient satisfaction, and incidence of complications. Results During the operation, the heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial pressure of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group [(81.51±10.78) times/min vs. (95.78±1 5.15) times/min; (16.87±2.55) times/min vs. (21.51±1.69) times/min; (88.67±12.67) mmHg vs. (98.04±12.01) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa], and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Following the operation, the VAS score, operation time, and hospital stay of the observation group were found to be significantly lower than those of the control group [(1.68±0.70) points vs. (2.01±0.52) points; (56.17±10.51) min vs. (62.26±9.14) min; (3.81±0.71) d vs. (4.30±1.11) d], and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing strategies can effectively reduce stress responses in elderly patients with thoracolumbar fractures undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty, shorten operation time, relieve postoperative pain, reduce hospital stay, and to a certain extent improve patient satisfaction.
- Thoracolumbar compression fracture /
- Osteoporosis /
- Percutaneous vertebroplasty /
- Comprehensive nursing

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表 1 2组胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者一般情况比较

Table 1. Comparison of general conditions between the two groups of patients with thoracolumbar compression fractures

组别	例数	性别(例)		年龄(x±s，岁)	BMI (x±s)
组别	例数	男性	女性	年龄(x±s，岁)	BMI (x±s)
对照组	30	5	25	71.60±8.82	23.39±2.83
观察组	30	3	27	70.63±10.67	22.23±2.83
统计量		0.144^a		0.382^b	1.602^b
P值		0.704		0.704	0.115
注：^a为χ²值，^b为t值。

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表 2 2组胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者围手术期心理应激情况比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of perioperative psychological stress between the two groups of patients with thoracolumbar compression fractures (x±s)

组别	例数	心率(次/min)		平均动脉压(mmHg)		呼吸频率(次/min)
组别	例数	术前	术中	术前	术中	术前	术中
对照组	30	77.93±11.02	95.78±15.15^b	90.19±6.00	98.04±12.01^b	17.51±1.67	21.51±1.69^b
观察组	30	83.17±11.05	81.51±10.78	87.97±8.47	88.67±12.67	17.30±2.00	16.87±2.55
统计量		1.839^a	19.505^c	1.168^a	7.676^c	1.041^a	68.166^c
P值		0.071	＜0.001	0.248	0.008	0.302	＜0.001
注：^a为t值，^c为F值；与同组术前比较，^bP＜0.05。1 mmHg=0.133 kPa。

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表 3 2组胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者临床指标比较

Table 3. Comparison of clinical indicators between the two groups of patients with thoracolumbar compression fractures

组别	例数	VAS评分(x±s，分)		手术时间(x±s，min)	住院时间(x±s，d)	满意度[例(%)]
组别	例数	术前	术后	手术时间(x±s，min)	住院时间(x±s，d)	满意度[例(%)]
对照组	30	5.34±0.62	2.01±0.52^b	62.26±9.14	4.30±1.11	23(76.67)
观察组	30	5.27±0.72	1.68±0.70^b	56.17±10.51	3.81±0.71	27(90.00)
统计量		0.695^a	4.036^c	3.181^a	2.018^a	1.920^d
P值		0.303	0.049	0.002	0.048	0.166
注：^a为t值，^c为F值，^d为χ²值；与同组术前比较，^bP＜0.05。

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